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It's phosphate, carbon, carbon, carbon, phosphate, carbon, carbon, carbon, phosphate and it has this structure hanging off the side.
就是磷酸基与戊糖的碳反复连接,如此循环往复,这种结构构成了主链的一边
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That doesn't heal naturally but can be reformed by other enzymes called ligases, ligases re-established the phosphate bonds.
这不能恢复如初,但用连接酶可以做到这一点,连接酶能重建磷酸键
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I couldn't have told you, for example, if we look at a phosphate group, that that's going to be incredibly important in DNA, that it's also an incredibly important group when you're dealing with proteins and whether you're turning the function of a protein on or off.
怎么和化学反应相联系起来的，更不记得其它我更不感兴趣的规律,我不能告诉你，如果我们看磷酸盐,它们对于构成DNA十分重要,也是构成蛋白质的重要组份,它是否能打开或关闭一个蛋白质的功能。
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The reason for that is that the 5' carbon is where the phosphate is attached.
那是因为,5'碳部位是磷酸基所连接部位
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You know that these molecules are also linked in another way, by the phosphate bonds that connect the 3 and the 5 carbons of adjacent nucleotides.
这些分子还通过别的方式连接在一起,例如通过相邻核苷酸的3碳位和,5碳位之间的磷酸键相连
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The phosphate group of one nucleotide gets linked to the sugar group of another nucleotide and I'm going to show you that in a few minutes.
一个核苷酸上的磷酸基团,连接在另外一个核苷酸的糖基上,马上我会给你们演示
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I would attach the phosphate that's connected to the 5' carbon of another nucleotide.
我会添加一个磷酸基团到,另外一个核苷酸的5'碳原子上
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The phosphate is linked to this carbon on the pentose, and notice that there is a number on this carbon, it's called - it's the 5' carbon.
磷酸基连接在戊糖的一个碳原子上,注意在这个碳上有个数字,它叫做5'碳
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Now, being phosphorylated means that a phosphate group has been added to the protein, and phosphate groups can only be added to certain amino acids along a protein.
磷酸化的意思是,蛋白上连接了一个磷酸基团,这个磷酸基团只能连在,蛋白中某些特定的氨基酸上
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You don't need to say anything more about the phosphate because they all have the phosphate and every set of these is hooked together in the same way.
不需要再进一步说明磷酸基,因为两种核酸都含有磷酸基,并且以同样的方式相互连接
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In nucleotide the phosphate is always attached to the 5' carbon.
在核苷酸内磷酸基总是连接到5'碳部位
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I could take and draw a line continually down the molecule where my finger was touching; my finger would be touching a phosphate here, the 5' carbon, the 4' carbon, the 3' carbon, and the next phosphate.
我可以画一条这样的线,沿着这个分子不断向下延伸到我指的地方,我指的这一点代表着磷酸基,5' 碳部位,4'碳部位,3' 碳以及下一个磷酸基
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It's the phosphate and the pentose that make up the backbone - that make up the upright struts of the ladder and it's the bases that make up the connecting struts, so the bases are the colors.
磷酸基和戊糖,共同构成了主链,主链又构成了梯子上下的支柱,而碱基,则构成连接支柱的梯阶,碱基是用各种颜色表示的
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The reason that 3' is important is that when you polymerize two nucleotides together and a third nucleotide, and a fourth nucleotide, when you polymerize nucleotides together they get polymerized, the phosphate of one gets linked to the 3' carbon of another.
'碳部位重要是因为,当你把两个核苷酸聚合在一起,然后再聚合第三个,第四个的时候,核苷酸在聚合时,磷酸基与另外一个戊糖的3'碳部位连接
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So what's going to form the backbone is this continual link, phosphate to sugar, phosphate to sugar, phosphate to sugar, all linked together to form one long, long molecule.
主链是由这样重复的连接构成的,从磷酸到戊糖,周而复始,所有这些连接起来构成一个长链分子
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The 5' carbon has a phosphate off of it and that phosphate is linked to the 3' carbon of the next one and they all have a base hanging off the side.
'碳的磷酸基,连接到下一个戊糖的3'碳部位,它们都有连接在一侧的碱基
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If I drew this altogether and this is one particular nucleic acid, now shown in more detail, all of the carbons of the pentose are shown here, the phosphate is shown, and a base is shown.
如果我把这个放在一起,这个核酸分子,让你们看得到更多细节,戊糖的五个碳都在这儿,磷酸基在这儿,碱基在这儿
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This represents the upright struts on a ladder that I showed you before, it represents this backbone that's shown by - that's formed by polymerizing the pentose's together through phosphate's always going 5' to 3', 5' to 3'.
线条代表梯子,上下的支柱 之前给你们演示过,代表由多聚戊糖分子,通过磷酸基从5'端向3'端方向,连接起来的主链
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