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This means you can vary the neutron number without changing chemical identity, because chemical identity is fixed by the proton.
这表示你可以改变中子数,而不会改变它的化学特性，因为化学特性是由质子决定的。
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But you can also look at it qualitatively, so, if you think about the force between the electron and the proton, you could just qualitatively think about what's happening.
但你也可以定性的来研究这个问题，所以如果你们考虑电子,和质子之间的作用力,你可以定性的来想。
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If a proton which has no mass can behave as a particle does it follow that an electron which has mass can behave as a wave?
如果一个没质量的光子能像粒子一样,具有质量的电子能否,表现得像波一样吗？
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If you look at the electrical force, the force of electricity, proton and electron or something, it's not proportional to the mass of either object.
如果你考察电作用力,即电现象产生的力,质子啊,电子啊,或者其它什么东西,这种力不和物体的质量成比例
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I want to point out that the zero energy is defined as when you have a naked proton -- where the electron has popped out -- that's what we've defined as zero energy up to this point when we're talking about single atoms.
我想指出，这里零点能的定义,是当我们只有一个裸露的质子,而没有电子时-,到目前为止对零点能一直采用这样的定义,当我们在讨论单个原子时。
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And note that as Z increases, as the proton number increases the radius decreases for a given n number.
并注意到当Z不断增加，对于一个给定的n，即当质子数增加的时候,半径的n值就减小了。
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Maybe not. It has no protons, so therefore, it has no electrons Because proton number equals electron number, which means if it has no protons 0 its atomic number is zero.
也可能不会，这个元素没有质子，因此，也没有电子,因为质子数等于电子数，意味着它没有质子,它的原子序数为。
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0 And it has a mass of 9.11 times 10 to the minus 31 kilograms The charge compensation comes out of the nucleus with the proton and it is positive 1.6 times 10 to the minus 19 coulombs.
它的质量是9。11乘以0,到负31千克,电荷补偿来自于,有质子的原子核,它是+1。6*10^库伦。
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So carbon 12. We know that it has the proton number, by definition, is 6. And the neutron number, 6 from 12 is 6. So it has 6 protons and 6 neutrons.
所以碳12，我们知道它有质子数，根据定义，那就是6，而电子数，12减6等于6，所以它有6个中子。
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Nowadays we know if you go into the neutron or the proton, there are quarks.
如今我们知道,如果进入中子或者质子内部,就会发现夸克
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So we get at the number of neutrons indirectly because we know the proton number here.
所以，我们可以间接得到中子数,因为我们知道质子数了。
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And, that's equal to the product of e the proton number times e.
正等价于,质子数乘以。
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Roughly equal in mass to that of the proton.
大概等于质子的质量。
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The electron is just a little gnat in comparison to the proton.
电子十分的渺小,在和质子相比起来。
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The proton number is in the lower left corner.
质子数是在左下方。
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And we began with the proton number.
我们从质子数开始。
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OK, atomic hydrogen, one proton, one electron.
原子氢，单个质子，单电子。
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So, we just talked about the force law to describe the interaction between a proton and an electron. You told me that when the distance went to infinity, the force went to zero. What happens instead when the distance goes to zero? What happens to the force?
我们刚刚讨论了描述质子,和电子之间相互作用力的定律,当距离变为无穷时,力变为零，那当距离变为,零时会发生什么？,这时候力是多少？
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Later on we could do this with a proton.
接着我们可以用质子来做。
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They all have the same Z, the same proton number, but different A, which means number of neutrons varies.
有相同的Z，相同的质子数，但是不同的A，也就是中子数不同。
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If you look at the ground state in two different systems -If you look at the ground state which is n equals one, think about this, if I increase the proton charge, the Coulombic force of attraction is greater.
如果你观察两个不同系统的基态,当你观察n，等于1的基态时，试想一下，如果我增加质子电荷，相互吸引的库仑力就会更大。
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Z Number of protons in the nucleus, this is number of protons in the nucleus, which in the neutral atom is equal to the number of electrons.
质子数。，Z，proton，number。,原子核中的质子数，这是原子核的质子数，在中性原子中，等于,电子数。
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