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Cutting involves enzymes called restriction endonucleases or restriction enzymes, which I've already mentioned and they have names.
切割用到的酶叫限制性核酸内切酶,或限制性内切酶,我已经提到过了,而且它们都有名字
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That's an example of symmetric sequence and it happens that most restriction enzymes also recognize those spaces.
这是一个对称序列的例子,大多数限制性内切酶都能识别这些序列
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They do that in a very special way in that they - restriction enzymes are able to identify a particular sequence of bases in a gene.
限制性内切酶的工作机制很特别,它能识别基因中的一段特定的碱基序列
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There are whole catalogs that you go to and buy restriction enzymes.
我们已经可以从整本的目录上,挑选购买限制性内切酶
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This takes advantage of the very specific properties of restriction enzymes.
这利用了限制酶的独特性质
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That cutting is done by special proteins called restriction enzymes.
切割是由一种特别的蛋白质完成的,称为限制性内切酶
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What are the properties of this restriction enzymes?
这种限制性内切酶的特性是什么
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There's whole families of restriction enzymes.
限制性内切酶是一个大家族
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It takes advantage of the specificity of the restriction enzymes, the fact that we know what the gene sequence that we're looking for, and using this technological process of electrophoresis to identify changes that we predict.
这个方法利用了限制酶特有的性质,我们知道我们在找什么样的基因序列,从而才能利用电泳这个技术流程,来识别出我们预计的情况
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When it cuts it leaves sticky ends or un-base paired single stranded regions on each end of the part its cut and that's just a property of many restriction enzymes; not all, some cut blunt,just right down the middle.
它切割后会留下两个粘性末端,或者未配对的单链部分,这是许多限制性内切酶的特性,但不是全部,有些限制性内切酶是从中间钝切的
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Restriction enzymes have names, The names all look - they're all italicized and they're capital letters and small letters so that they won't be easy for you to understand, but they are - if you know the nomenclature, easy to understand.
限制性内切酶有自己的名字,名字看起来都很--,都是斜体的,大写小写字母混合,你们不太容易理解,但它们都是--如果你懂命名法,是很容易理解的
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If you have DNA fragments, so this is DNA that you've cut up into fragments using restriction enzymes for example.
如果你有DNA片段,例如有一段你用限制酶,切割成片段的DNA
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Now another property of restriction enzymes is that they always cut the DNA in the same way.
限制性内切酶的另一个特性是,总是以同样的方式切割DNA
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Restriction enzymes are just a kind of enzyme, enzymes are protein molecules that make a chemical reaction go faster, and the chemical reaction that restriction enzymes do is cutting DNA.
限制性内切酶是一种酶,而酶是加速化学反应的蛋白质分子,限制性内切酶加速的化学反应,是切割DNA
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This gives you a biological mechanism for cutting, using restriction enzymes, and then you denature so that it falls apart, and then you renature so that it comes back together.
这是一种切割DNA的生物机制,用限制性内切酶,改变DNA的性质让它打开,然后让它合起来恢复它的性质
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