And sociologically in the 1960s and 1970s, in the United States, behaviorism was incredibly well known and so was Skinner.
在上世纪60到70年代之间的美国社会,行为主义极为盛行,斯金纳也得以名声大噪。
The strong view of behaviorism is everything you know, everything you are, is the result of experience.
行为主义的观点认为,你的知识,你的一切,都是经验的产物。
Behaviorism looks at the human entity, at the person as basically a collection of behaviors as a box, like a billiard ball knocked around by reinforcements, by punishment, by reward.
行为主义认为人的主体性,认为人是一个行为集合,就像一只被击打而四处滚动的台球,被增强,奖惩驱动。
And it also brings us back to the lecture on behaviorism where we talked about classical conditioning and different theories of what people are afraid of.
这把我们带回到行为主义讲座中,我们谈论经典条件型反射,及人们害怕的不同理论。
Now, at the core of behaviorism are three extremely radical and interesting views.
言归正传,行为主义的核心,由三个非常极端又很有趣的观点组成。
Now, remember from behaviorism the baby will learn this isn't very interesting.
根据行为主义,婴儿会觉得这东西没什么意思
So, here are the three general positions of behaviorism.
这是行为主义的三个基本观点。
Because the first force was behaviorism.
因为第一势力是行为主义。
Well, there's a radical claim about the origin of language associated with the guy who we met when we talked about behaviorism who wrote A Review of Verbal Behavior, the linguist Noam Chomsky.
关于语言的起源,语言学家诺姆·乔姆斯基,提出了一个激进的观点,我们曾在讲述行为主义时提到过,他写过篇叫《述评》的论文
On the other hand, the psychological theory of behaviorism has had a huge impact and I think a lot of people's ways of thinking about criminal justice and criminal law has been shaped by behaviorist principles.
另一方面,行为主义理论拥有巨大的影响力,许多人对于刑事司法,和刑事法规的看法,都是在行为主义原则下形成的。
And this is one of the most influential intellectual documents ever written in psychology because it took the entire discipline of behaviorism and, more than everything else, more than any other event, could be said to have destroyed it or ended it as a dominant intellectual endeavor.
这是心理学论文之中,最有影响力最出色的文献之一,因为相较于其他批判,这篇文章作为一种完全理性的尝试,可以说完全摧毁,或是终结了行为主义学派。
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