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Its difficulty lies in Milton's tendency in this poem to seek out what Dr. Johnson wonderfully calls remote allusions.
诗的难点在于弥尔顿想要在诗中极力追求,被约翰逊绝妙地称为不切实际的幻想的倾向。
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One of the things that makes Cornell and the Johnson School a little bit different than other places is
康奈尔大学以及约翰逊学院区别于其他高校的一点
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Another way into this problem: let's look at the comments that Dr. Johnson made about Milton's Lycidas in the eighteenth century.
看这个问题的另一个角度：让我们看看,约翰逊博士在18世纪队弥尔顿的《利西达斯》所做的评论。
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So what Johnson is saying is: well, it's all very well to consider a textual field, the workmanship, but at the same time we want to remind ourselves of our worth.
所以约翰逊的意思就是：,考虑话本场和作品是很好的，但同时我们还应该提醒自己注意到自己的价值。
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At the same time, Lyndon B. Johnson was ratcheting up the Vietnam War, so the Gulf of Tonkin Resolution was passed in 1964, which authorized bombing raids on Cambodia.
与此同时约翰逊总统要将越南战争升级，所以，在1964年，《东京湾决议》获得通过，这也使在柬埔寨的空袭，得到了授权。
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Another pairing, this wonderful landscape by Martin Johnson Heade, and we could contrast it with these images of Brooklyn Bridge by Walker Evans, or even underneath the bridge.
另外两幅是马丁·约翰逊·海德画的精美的风景画，我们可以把它和埃文斯的,“布鲁克林桥“相比较，或者是桥下面。
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Probably the best book written on this, particularly on the language of the domestic slave trade, is Walter Johnson's book called Soul by Soul, a book-- I highly recommend you read it sometime in your reading lives.
也许有一本书描写这点最生动,特别是在记述国内奴隶贸易的语言上,是沃尔特·约翰逊所著的,《灵魂的灵魂》这本书,我强烈建议在你的读书生涯中加进这本书
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and then half of them are from Betsey Johnson which is right down the street.
其中一半是从贝奇·约翰逊的店里买的，就在这条街上。
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And I live with a girl that I met actually when I came out to visit the Johnson School for the very first time.
其实，我在第一次参观约翰逊学院的时候就见到了我现在的一个室友。
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You have Magic Johnson Theater which is just down the road.
沿着街道向下走，就是魔术师约翰逊剧院。
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Magic Johnson was a Laker guard in the 80's.
约翰逊在80年代是湖人的后卫。
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Dr. Samuel Johnson the greatest of all eighteenth-century literary critics is absolutely flabbergasted that Milton would have these brothers do something so stupid.
8世纪最伟大的文学评论家塞缪尔约翰逊博士,非常大吃一惊,弥尔顿居然会让小姐的弟弟干这些蠢事。
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Okay. Famously, Dr. Johnson couldn't bear this poem, Lycidas - Dr. Johnson, the greatest of all literary critics of the eighteenth century.
好的，众所周知，约翰逊博士受不了《利西达斯》这首诗,-约翰逊博士，18世纪最伟大的文学评论家。
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There has to be something more here than merely Johnson's massive blunder as a literary critic.
作为文学评论家，约翰逊是大错特错了,但他还是能给我们一些启发。
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He permits a real character like Satan to interact with a merely allegorical or symbolic character like Sin. The effect for Johnson - and who can say that this is -- that Johnson is wrong?
他允许一个真实的角色如撒旦与仅仅是寓言中才出现的,或只具备象征的意义的人物如罪恶之神互动,谁又能说约翰逊是错的呢？
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The difficulty of the poem lies to a great degree, I think, in something that Dr. Johnson had noted in his attack or in his criticism on Lycidas that I mentioned on Monday.
诗歌本身的难点很大程度上，在于约翰逊博士在他对利西达斯的,抨击中提到的一些点。
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It's just this kind of rhetorical trick that Milton uses - so many rhetorical tricks like this that Milton will use throughout the poem -- that led Dr. Johnson to say in utter exasperation, but admiration, that "Milton wrote no language": this isn't English that Milton is writing here.
正是弥尔顿使用的这种修辞手法,-弥尔顿全诗使用了大量这样的修辞手法,-让约翰逊博士懊恼而又钦佩的说，“弥尔顿所写不是语言“,弥尔顿这里写的不是英语。
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The very structure, in fact, of Milton's poem here is what Dr. Johnson would be obliged to call a remote allusion.
约翰逊称弥尔顿这首诗的结构,是遥远的幻境是不得已的。
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who was refuted by Dr. Johnson who kicked a stone and leaped away in terrible pain saying, "I refute it thus."
约翰逊先生反对理想主义者，他踢开一块石头,跳开到很远，一副痛苦不堪的样子，说，“我这样来反驳“
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Now the surest sign of a hurdle is one of those pointed literary allusions that Milton makes in Lycidas, one of those remote allusions that Johnson had complained about.
如今关于这道坎的最确定无疑的迹象就是,他在里作出的那些文学臆想,即约翰逊曾经抱怨过的那些不切实际的幻想。
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Whenever Johnson is being arrogant and mean about Paradise Lost, invariably he's on to something, and here he's telling us that Milton's gone too far. He's taken his allegory too far.
约翰逊任何时候都对《失乐园》报以傲慢且刻薄的态度，不可避免地，他是想表达着什么，在这里他想告诉我们,弥尔顿做得太过了，他在寓言上走得过远。
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Johnson obviously has a point here.
约翰逊说的是有一定道理的。
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Can you tell us about Magic Johnson?
你能讲讲魔术师约翰逊吗？
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Johnson tells us that Lycidas is not to be considered as the effusion of real passion, for passion runs not after remote allusions and obscure opinions.
约翰逊说《利西达斯》不是,真挚情感的流露，因为真情不是通过遥远的幻境和隐晦的观点来表达的。
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involves an awkward collision of different artistic modes and entirely distinct planes of reality.
这对于约翰逊的影响牵扯到不同艺术模式的怪异碰撞,以及和现实世界的完全脱离。
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Okay. That's the end. I want to remind you a final time to look at your Spenser, the cave of Mammon episode, as well as Dr. Johnson's brief comments on Sin and Death.
好，就讲到这，最后一次提醒你们,阅读斯宾塞，贪欲之神的洞窟的故事，还有约翰逊博士对《罪与死亡》的简评。
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And so I want to quote Dr. Johnson here, and this is on the handout.
在这里我想引用约翰逊博士，这在讲义上有。
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If you think about Alexander Pope, for example, or even Samuel Johnson, as they reflect on literature and why it's important and what the nature of literature is, they aren't concerned about interpretation.
比如，亚历山大，蒲柏，或塞缪尔，约翰逊，他们思考文学,及其重要性时，并不关心文学的解读问题。
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It's reasonable, I think, to invoke Dr. Johnson here, Samuel Johnson, who writes in his Life of Milton that Milton's unskillful allegory appears to be one of the greatest faults of the poem.
我认为在这引用塞缪尔·约翰逊的话是很合理的，他一生都在写关于弥尔顿的文章,他指出弥尔顿不熟练的寓言成为了这部诗的大败笔之一。
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