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There is a blunting in this activation, and this blunting is correlated with this schizophrenic self-reported lack of desire negative symptorms.
这部分的活动被关闭了，而这种关闭活动的结果和精神分裂症患者,缺少欲望症状的报告相符。
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What I want you to remember is that specific sub-populations of cells get activated, the activation results in a specific response.
我希望你们记住的是,一些特定的细胞亚群受到刺激时,被激活细胞将引起特定的应答
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We think that anticipation is a powerful evoker of desire, and we think that brain activation can reflect that.
我们认为,预期是有关欲望的一种有效观测手段，同时我们认为，大脑活动能够将其反映出来。
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and the important point is that when people anticipate loss, we didn't see the same scale of activation in this region.
重要的是，当人们预计会亏钱时，我们在这一区域并没有看到之前的那种活动。
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When you correlate people's preference when they see products with activation in this area, you'll see a nice correlation.
这一区域的大脑活动,同人们在见到商品后的表现，完美地联系了起来。
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You're taking advantage of a promoter system, or a gene activation system, that this species knows about because adult animals can make milk.
我们之所以能利用这个启动子系统,或者称之为可以被这一物种识别的,基因活化系统,是因为成年动物可以泌乳
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And that's essentially what we saw people have more nucleus accumbens activation priority choice " they are more likely to choose that stock.
这就是我们得到的结果,在作出选择时，受试者的伏隔核活动越多,他们就越有可能选择“股票。
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What happens when that recognition takes place is that your immune system gets activated, and the activation that happens usually involves two things.
当识别进行时会发生什么呢,那时免疫系统会激活,免疫系统的激活通常包含两个过程
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So can we use that activation of these reasons actually help to predict what people will buy?
所以我们能不能因此利用这种活动,来预测人们会买什么呢？
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We now know what the scientific basis of that is, it involves activation of our immune system.
我们都知道这样做的科学依据,这牵涉到激活你的免疫系统
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And activation as other region " predicted they are more like to choose on bond.
而另外一个区域中出现的活动的受试者,则有可能选择“债券。
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And the activation in another area of the brain, the interna insula that would help us to put the oppisite choice of the bond running away from risk.
而大脑中另一区域的活动，即岛叶内部活动，可以帮助我们作出相反决策,即选择“债券“来远离风险。
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we saw activation in other regions, and some of them are malfunction.
我们看到其他区域有活动，而且其中一些功能也失效了。
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So, that process happens fast but you also need this neurotransmitter release and activation to happen fast so that you can have rapid activity.
所以 电传递过程很快,但你仍需要神经递质的,快速释放和快速激活,以便使你快速活跃起来
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And we think the brain activation, we can use that to predict financial choice, but beyond that, we can actually use it in some symptom profiles in mental disorders.
我们认为，我们可以通过大脑活动，来预测金融决策，但不仅如此，我们还可以用它来监测精神疾病的病情。
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We should be able to use nucleus accumbens activation to predict the people that are more likely to take risks, cause they see the upside of that risky proposition more.
我们会利用伏隔核的活动,来预测那些更喜欢冒险的人的选择，因为他们往往能从风险中发现机遇。
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Well, then you could imagine a cycle here where activation of the receptor is leading to production of more ligand, is leading to activation of the receptor and production of a ligand.
那么,你就能画出一个循环图,激活受体能导致,更多配体的生成,这些配体又会刺激受体生成更多配体
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When we look at their brain and the same task, we are getting the same behavior that making the same amount of money, we see very little activation in this area.
在进行行为和奖励相同的试验时，我们观察到，他们的大脑在这一区域里很少出现活动。
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What you see is a bump up in activation in this nucleus accumbens in this area right when people see the product long before they are going to make a decision which continues.
这张图是受试者在见到商品之后,这一区域的伏隔核活动骤然攀升,而这种情况早在受试者作出决定之前,就已经发生，而且持续了下来。
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It suggests this activation is consequential.
这个试验表明，这种活动十分重要。
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and what we saw, just to cut to the data, is that when people anticipated making money we saw increased activation and the region not far from the region that Olds and Milner stimulated in 1954.
而我们所见的则转换成了数据，当人们预期会赚钱时,我们看见大脑活动的增加,而这块活动增加的区域,和奥兹和米尔纳在1954年试验时的大脑区域相隔不远。
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What you see in the insula conversely is when people see a price that they think is excessive You see an increase in that activation and that predicts they are not going to buy the product.
而相反，岛叶部分活动代表,受试者认为价格偏高,这种活动的增多意味着受试者不会做出购买选择。
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If you have two different ligands stimulating two different receptors, and one causes activation of this enzyme and generation of cyclic AMP, cyclic AMP levels will start to rise.
如果有两种不同的配体,刺激不同的受体,一种能够活化酶,并促进生成cAMP,cAMP的水平就会升高
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Cells share signals with each other, and that leads to activation of a specific cell population if we're thinking about a vaccine that produces antibodies, that leads to activation of B-cells, immature B-cells, which do two things.
细胞与细胞之间存在信号传递,而这将激活特定的细胞群体,如果是一些能够产生抗体的疫苗,抗体将会激活B淋巴细胞,幼B淋巴细胞,使其发生两种变化
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