When Darius II died, who was the king of the Persians, Alexander himself took on Darius's title, which was Great King.
波斯国王大流士二世死后,亚历山大使用了大流士的头衔,也就是“大帝“
I mean, I like, my favorite designers right now are probably... I love Alexander Wang.
我想我现在喜欢的设计师是……我爱亚历山大•王。
Alexander defeated the Persian Army, which at that time controlled all of Asia Minor, Modern Turkey, and had even threatened to control Greece.
亚历山大大败波斯军队,波斯人当时控制了整个小亚细亚,现代土耳其,甚至扬言要占领希腊。
You all remember the recent movie of a year or two ago about Troy with Colin Farrell about Alexander.
你们都还记得,最近一两年上映的一部电影中有提到特洛依城,由柯林,法洛饰演亚历山大大帝。
Remember back to Alexander H. Steven's cornerstone quote he uses the word "Natural" Twice in that passage.
还记得亚历山大·斯蒂文的柱石上的引文,这段引文中他用了"自然"这个概念两次
Young Alexander conquered India.
亚历山大王,东征印地
Another fact is that we are told that when Alexander the Great went out to conquer the Persian Empire, and as far as he was concerned,to conquer everything he could reach, he carried with him a copy of the Iliad which it is alleged he put under his pillow.
另一个事实是,据说当亚历山大大帝,出征去征服波斯帝国时,对他而言,就是去征服他能达到的一切,他随身带着一本《伊利亚特》,据说放在他的枕头底下
I mean, J. K. Rowling, Lloyd Alexander, C. S. Lewis, whatever you like.
比如说,罗琳、亚历山大、路易斯,你喜欢的都行。
If you think about Alexander Pope, for example, or even Samuel Johnson, as they reflect on literature and why it's important and what the nature of literature is, they aren't concerned about interpretation.
比如,亚历山大,蒲柏,或塞缪尔,约翰逊,他们思考文学,及其重要性时,并不关心文学的解读问题。
I love Alexander McQueen.
亚历山大•麦昆。
Alexander took this tendency of syncretism, of mixing together different religious traditions from different places, and he used it as a self-conscious propaganda technique.
于是亚历山大利用宗教融合,即把不同地区的不同宗教传统融合,作为有意为之的宣传工具。
And Alexander didn't really care that much about the lower classes doing that, but he still wanted the elites.
而亚历山大虽然不在乎,下层阶级如何生活,但他希望同化精英阶层。
Alexander, of course, had been educated by Aristotle, when he was young, and so he had adopted Greek language and Greek literature and a lot of other Greek ways.
亚历山大本人幼年时,师承亚里士多德,所以他使用希腊语,熟悉希腊文学,以及各类希腊文化。
So that's one of the most important things about Alexander and his successors is they Hellenized the entire eastern Mediterranean, and that meant every major city would have a certain commonality to it.
亚历山大及其继业者最大的成就之一,就是将整个地中海东部希腊化了,也就是说所有大城市都有共同点。
But for right now, all you need to know is that all of these generals, although they were Macedonians and spoke Macedonian and not themselves Greek, but they had, just like Alexander, they had adopted Greek language, Greek culture.
不过目前,你们只要知道所有四位将领,虽然都是马其顿人,说马其顿语,不是希腊人,但是他们和亚历山大一样,使用希腊语,希腊文化。
What Alexander had wanted to do was to take all these different peoples, who spoke different languages and had different customs, and use a Greek layer to sort of unite his empire overall.
亚历山大的理想是,让所有说不同语言,不同习俗的民族,用一种希腊文化统一帝国。
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