Some linguists would interview --Linguists would interview adults in these communities and say, "Why don't you speak to your babies?"
语言学家们会访问,住在这些社会中的成人,然后问道,"你为什么不和你的宝宝说话"
The question of whether discriminant conditioning has been used with babies to explore what sort of concepts they have.
这个问题是,在探究婴儿拥有什么类型的概念时,是否对婴儿应用了判别式条件作用
So the right question to ask is, what's the probability, not that June had 48 babies, but that at least one of the 12 months had 48 babies.
所以正确的问题是,不是去看这个6月,有48个宝宝出生,而是去看至少有一个月的出生人数。
As kids, as babies-- going back to the baby's scene, we give ourselves the permission to be human, we know that it's natural.
孩子和婴儿-,回到婴儿期,我们准许自己为人,我们知道那是自然的。
But we are not all rational or autonomous Babies are not rational or autonomous.
但是我们也不全都是理性或自主的,婴儿就不是理性或自主的。
Babies expect there to be an entire, complete bar and are surprised and look longer at the broken bar.
婴儿会期待那是一根完整的木杆,所以会对断开的木杆感到惊讶,并且会有更长的注视时间
Now, if the babies expect the block to still be there, they should think the block should stop the screen.
这时,如果婴儿会期待木块留在原处,那么他们会认为,木块能阻止屏板上升
So I don't know if it Does it matter what you say to babies as long as you say something.
所以我想知道,是不是只要你对婴儿说话就行,说话的内容并不重要
And do not be tempted to say, "Isn't it wonderful that the way nature works is that babies are cute?
不要受诱惑做某事,孩子可爱,是不是大自然的杰作?
But undeniably we know most of our -- we got most of our knowledge about babies from studies of their looking times.
但不可否认的是,我们所拥有的绝大多数关于婴儿的知识,都来自于对婴儿注视次数的研究
And so, I have a film clip here of two very nice studies showing babies' ignorant--sorry, young children's ignorance of other people.
我给大家放两个优秀实验的电影片段,这个影片表明了幼儿对他人的无知
It's possible that due to the methodological limitations of Piaget, he systematically underestimated what children and babies know.
皮亚杰很可能由于研究方法上的局限,而系统地低估了婴幼儿的理解能力
Part of the problem with using operant conditioning with babies is it's difficult to get them to behave in any systematic way.
应用操作性条件作用的部分问题在于,很难使婴儿们按照系统的方式行动
And to discover the intelligence of babies we have to ourselves be pretty smart in developing different techniques.
要想探究婴儿的智力,我们就必须足够聪明,发明出不同的研究技术
Now, so far, we're talking about how babies respond to We're talking about our responses to babies.
现在,我们讨论婴儿如何应对,我们讨论我们婴儿的反应。
Should you fail to stop killing those babies, I think you should be punished for killing babies."
如果你不停止杀婴儿,你就会因为杀婴儿受到惩罚”
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