Get a gene, put it in a plasmid, get that plasmid expressed in a host, could even be a bacterial host,right?

把一个基因导入一个质粒,让质粒在宿主中表达,这个宿主甚至可以是细菌,对吧

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Bacterial cells are small, one to two microns in diameter and this shows a picture of a common bacterium called E. Coli.

细菌细胞很小,直径只有一到两个微米,这张图片是一种常见细菌,大肠杆菌

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

What are some of the differences between a bacterial cell and a human cell?

人类细胞和细菌细胞,有哪些不同之处呢

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In this particular example here we're exposing these plasmids to bacterial cells.

我举一个特别的例子,我们把这些质粒暴露给细菌

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Another important difference between human cells and bacterial cells is their size.

另一个重要的不同,体现在两者的大小上

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What are the differences between a bacterial cell and a human cell?

人类细胞和细菌细胞,有什么不同

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if you do that under the situation where you've put your plasmid into these micro-organisms then you're going to have little colonies that grow many copies of the bacterial cells.

如果你在质粒已经进入了微生物,的情况下培养它们,你就会得到许多小菌落,里面长有很多增殖出来的细菌

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We'll learn more about that in a moment, but basically it allows the immune system to distinguish between viral and bacterial pathogens, and respond appropriately depending on the type of pathogen that's there.

我们一会儿会学到不少,但基本上说,这样一来免疫系统,就能够分辨出病毒和细菌病原体,并对相应的病原体类型,产生合适的免疫反应

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

Another thing that's different about human cells and animal - human cells and bacterial cells is that many bacterial cells can swim and can exist in suspension, that means just suspended in a fluid.

人类细胞和动物细胞--,和细菌细胞,另一个重要不同是,许多细菌细胞可以游动,可以生活在悬浮液中,就是说可以悬浮在液体中

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