Here you see the main concern is what's happening with blood sugar when people eat food.

它主要关注的问题是进食引起的血糖变化

耶鲁公开课 - 关于食物的心理学、生物学和政治学课程节选

In some foods, those with a high glycemic index create a spike in blood sugar.

在一些食物中,一些血糖指数高的食物,会形成一个血糖峰值

耶鲁公开课 - 关于食物的心理学、生物学和政治学课程节选

Insulin is important for regulating levels of sugar in your blood.

胰岛素的重要之处在于,它能够维持身体内血糖水平

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Blood sugar goes up more then it does with foods that are low glycemic index foods, and this affects how hungry people are and potentially their health as well.

这个血糖峰值会远远高于那些,血糖指数低的食物所形成的峰值,这个会影响人的饥饿程度,并会不经意地影响人的健康

耶鲁公开课 - 关于食物的心理学、生物学和政治学课程节选

The idea here is that when foods get ingested in the body, they create different responses from each other depending on how they affect insulin and blood sugar, blood sugar especially.

这个观点是,当食物被身体吸收时,它们产生各自不同反应取决于,它们如何影响胰岛素和血糖,特别是血糖

耶鲁公开课 - 关于食物的心理学、生物学和政治学课程节选

The glycemic affect is the extent to which this blood sugar effect occurs when people consume certain foods and then the glycemic index is just a number that gets attached to that.

血糖效应从某种程度上讲,是在人们进食,某些食物时出现的血糖波动,血糖指数则仅仅是这一效应的量化体现

耶鲁公开课 - 关于食物的心理学、生物学和政治学课程节选

You have elevated insulin levels, you have high fasting plasma glucose, so the blood sugar that we talked about before, impaired glucose tolerance, and an elevated triglyceride levels, low HDL cholesterol, , and hypertension.

像是高胰岛素水平,空腹血糖高,之前讲过的血糖也是,葡萄糖耐量降低,高甘油三酯水平,HDL胆固醇水平低,以及高血压

耶鲁公开课 - 关于食物的心理学、生物学和政治学课程节选

Now we're going to compare high glycemic index foods with low glycemic index foods, and so the curve of blood sugar with high glycemic index foods, those that create an exaggerated blood sugar response over a period of time might look like this.

现在我们要对高血糖指数的食物和,低血糖指数的食物进行对比,那些高血糖指数食物所形成的曲线,那些会在某段时间内产生过高血糖的食物,所形成的曲线看起来可能就是这样的

耶鲁公开课 - 关于食物的心理学、生物学和政治学课程节选

Hopefully it's not a Snicker's bar but let's assume it is a Snicker's bar and your blood glucose is going to rise because you're taking a lot of sugar in.

但愿不是士力架,但假设你们吃了士力架,你们的血糖水平会升高,因为你们摄入了许多糖分

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The peak occurs a little bit later and then there's a less rapid decline here, and then blood sugar actually ends up a little above this initial level, and therefore you're less likely to eat because you're less hungry.

峰值出现得比较晚,下降也较为缓慢,最后血糖结束在比起始值稍高的位置,因此人就没有那么想进食 因为不感觉饿

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Now the two things to notice about this are the high spike that you have out here which occurs very rapidly and then the rapid decline in blood sugar, and insulin is involved in this whole reaction.

有两个需要注意的事情是,你们在这看到的急剧变化的曲线代表着,迅速上升和迅速下降的血糖,另外胰岛素也随之发生变化

耶鲁公开课 - 关于食物的心理学、生物学和政治学课程节选

And so it's thought and the research suggests this to be the case, that during this period of time here when the blood sugar is declining very rapidly and then when it goes down to below its initial level here -- you see that--that people are especially hungry and want to eat more.

这个例子被认为,同时研究也证明了,在这段时间,当血糖迅速降低时,以及当血糖降低到比它的初值还低时,大家能看到人会特别饿和想多吃东西

耶鲁公开课 - 关于食物的心理学、生物学和政治学课程节选

What if you could take just a pump that's capable of continuously administering insulin at various rates and connect it to a sensor that's able to continuously measure the sugar level in your blood?

如果我们安装一个泵,能够持续的动态控制胰岛素输出,并把这个泵连接到一个,持续监测体内血糖水平的变化的传感器上

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选