Because, when you ask yourself that question, you should consider what is the thermal energy versus the bonding energy?

这是因为，对于这个问题，我们应当考虑到,什么样的热能,对应于键能？

麻省理工公开课 - 固态化学导论课程节选

If the bonding energy is very strongly negative, thermal energy isn't great enough to disrupt those bonds and allow those bonds to be broken and then have fluidity.

如果键能非常强，热能并不足以,打破这些化学键,破坏这些化学键,并使它们液化。

麻省理工公开课 - 固态化学导论课程节选

And what you find is when you have a bonding orbital, the energy decreases compared to the atomic orbitals.

你们发现当你有个成键轨道的时候，相比原子轨道能量要降低。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

And the other thing to point out is that the energy that an anti-bonding orbital is raised by, is the same amount as a bonding orbital is lowered by.

另外一个要指出的事情是,反键轨道引起的能量升高，和成键轨道引起的能量降低是相同的。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

So any time I draw these molecular orbitals, I do my best, and I'm not always perfect, yet trying to make this energy different exactly the same for the anti-bonding orbital being raised, versus the bonding orbital being lowered.

所以我在画这些分子轨道的时候，虽然不是很完美，但我总是尽量,让反键轨道引起的，能量升高和成键轨道。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

So, let's think of the energy of interaction when we're comparing atomic orbitals to molecular bonding orbitals.

当我们比较原子轨道和分子轨道的时候,我们来考虑一下相互作用能。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

Place the non-bonding pairs on peripheral atoms first, which the higher average valence electron energy.

首先将孤对电子放在外围的原子，那儿具有较高的平均价电子能。

麻省理工公开课 - 固态化学导论课程节选

But when we think about where anti-bonding orbitals should be, it should be higher in energy.

但当我们讨论反键轨道的时候，它的能量应该更高。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

We're going to release a lot of energy for bonding, it's going to more than make up for the fact that we actually had to spend some energy to promote that electron.

在成键时，会释放大量能量,这比补偿激发电子,的能量要多。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

Anti-bonding is even higher in energy than non-bonding.

反键能量比非成键更高。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

s plus 1s gives you this oval ellipsoid which is the bonding, and here are the antibonding, and then these are the energy levels that I have been drawing for you.

s和1s上两个电子组成的键合电子成椭圆形,这是成键，这是反键电子，这些是刚刚已经画过的能级,我也给你们画了。

麻省理工公开课 - 固态化学导论课程节选

So we would label our anti-bonding orbital higher in energy than our 1 s atomic orbitals.

我们应该把反键轨道标在,高于1s原子轨道能量的地方。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

And what we see here is now when we're combining the p, we have our 2 p x and our 2 p y orbitals that are lower in energy, and then our pi anti-bonding orbitals that are higher in energy.

这里我们看到,当我们结合p轨道时，在低能处我们有,2px和2py轨道，π反键轨道在更高的能级处。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选