So as one reads the epic one senses this very deep ambivalence regarding the relative virtues and evils of civilized life and many of the features that make us human.

当人们读到这一段的时候，总是会对文明生活方式的利弊,产生一种很矛盾的感情,然而正是这些特性让人区别于动物。

耶鲁公开课 - 旧约导论课程节选

For one thing they're not dressed like civilized people in a dress, they're wearing pants.

首先他们的衣着和文明人不同,他们穿短裤

耶鲁公开课 - 古希腊历史简介课程节选

The Hobbesian state was intended to secure the conditions of life, even a highly civilized and cultivated life but one calculated in terms of self-interest and risk avoidance.

霍布斯眼中的国家旨在,保护人民的生命财产安全,即使是那些虽开化有教养却是为一己私利的人,也应当受到国家的保护。

耶鲁公开课 - 政治哲学导论课程节选

The reason for that was that in the east and in south, the Greeks lived among people who were more civilized than they, who were more advanced.

究其原因,在东方和南方,希腊人生活在比他们更文明,更先进的民族中间

耶鲁公开课 - 古希腊历史简介课程节选

Obviously, I started out by saying this would probably have been felt most strongly in the west and in the north, where the people, who lived there, before the Greeks came, were not civilized or were not highly civilized.

明显的是,我开始说到,特别是西方和北方的人们受到的影响最为深远,在希腊人到来之前,居住在那里的人,文明还未开化或者说没有高度文明

耶鲁公开课 - 古希腊历史简介课程节选

So you have trade with the Mediterranean and most especially the eastern Mediterranean, because that's where the older, more sophisticated, more civilized cultures were and that's where wealth was too, compared to what was out in the west.

由此你知道了他们与地中海,特别是地中海东部地区有贸易往来,因为在那里有比西方更古老,更先进,更教化的文明,同时相比西方而言,那里也是富裕之地

耶鲁公开课 - 古希腊历史简介课程节选

How do we get out of it? This is of course for much of the book. What do we do to get out of this state of nature to enter ? a condition of civil society and civilized life?

我们怎么摆脱它呢,所要讲的一个重要问题,我们要怎样才能摆脱自然状态,从而进入文明社会的状态，过上文明的生活呢？

耶鲁公开课 - 政治哲学导论课程节选