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So either a potassium cyanide or sodium cyanide, these are used in synthesis in terms of making carbon-carbon bonds.
因此无论是氰化钾还是氰化钠，都被用来在合成过程中,制造碳碳键。
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It's not the best form of food in that they're actually very poor in protein, and unfortunately very, very rich in cyanide.
但木薯的根并不是最好的食物,因为它的蛋白质含量很少，而更不幸的是，它的氰化物含量非常，非常高。
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About 80% of the cyanide at that point is gone, so it does render the root much more safe.
这时大约百分之八十的氰化物都跑掉了，因此这确实可以使这些根更加安全。
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So, why don't you go ahead and tell me, keeping that in mind, which atom in terms of h c or n would you expect to be in the center of hydrogen cyanide?
那么，请大家来告诉我，并且记住它，你认为氢，碳和氮中哪个原子,应该在氰化氢的中间呢？
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And actually, what we usually eat are what are called sweet almonds, and there aren't actual cyanide in the sweet almonds we eat, there's precursors to cyanide, which might not make you more comfortable.
实际上，我们经常吃的,被叫做甜杏仁，我们吃的甜杏仁其实不含氰化物，它里面含有的是氰化物的前驱体，这可能并不会让你感到更舒服一点。
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So, yes, they're very poisonous, and in fact, there are areas where you find this toxic compound, cyanide.
因此，没错，它们毒性非常强，而实际上，你会发现很多地方都有这种有毒成分，氰化物。
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The way, in the simplest terms that cyanide can kill you, is it basically out-competes your oxygen for the heme in your blood.
氰化物可以杀掉你的最简单的一种方式基本上就是，将氧从你血液中,的血红素中挤出去。
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There's a way to actually grind down and prepare the flour, so that you promote the enzymes within the plant to breakdown the cyanide precursors.
有一种方法是将它们磨碎，做成粉，这样就可以促进它们本身带有,酶将氰化物的前驱体分解掉。
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So, let's just figure this out for some of the examples we did, so for the cyanide anion.
那么，让我们来算一下已经,用过的一些例子的形式电荷，那么对于氰离子。
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- If you eat these raw, which they do in many places around the world, if you eat a bitter one, you could, in fact, get enough cyanide to kill you.
如果你生吃它们的话，它们在世界上的很多地方都存在，如果你吃了一个苦的根，可能，实际上，它所含的氰化物的量足以令你死亡。
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But you do, in fact, have to worry about long-term exposure, cyanide poisoning in terms of long-term effects in certain populations that do get the bulk of their carbohydrates from this root, from the root of the Cassava plant.
但是你确实，不得不担心长时间的接触，氰化物的慢性中毒会对,从木薯根中获取大部分,碳水化合物的部分人群产生影响。
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now we're dealing with a lot of different atoms in the molecule, much more complicated than the initial case of the cyanide ion where we only had two.
现在我们要面对的分子中有很多不同的原子，比我们一开始只有两个,原子的氰离子复杂多了。
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I don't know how many know that there are trace, trace amounts, of cyanide in almonds.
我不知道有多少人知道在杏仁中有非常，非常微量的氰化物。
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Obviously, the amounts that are in cigarettes are not enough that people are dropping dead of cyanide poisoning, but still it's not a good idea you definitely want to minimize your exposure.
显然，香烟中的氰化物含量不足,以使人中毒而死，但这毕竟不是一个好主意,你绝对会想要将接触氰化物的机会减到最少。
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So, when you think about cyanide, you might not think about organic reagents.
那么，当你想到氰化物的时候，你想到的可能不是有机试剂。
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that are going to have that high cyanide content, so we should all be relieved.
氰化物的木薯制品，因此我们都可以放心了。
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So instead of carrying oxygen to your cells, you're carrying cyanide to your cells.
因此，运到你的细胞的不是氧，而是氰化物。
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So, for example, just talking about hydrogen cyanide or the cyanide anion, these are both molecules which are used in organic synthesis, so particularly the cyanide anion and salts of the cyanide anion.
那么，比如，就拿氰化氢,或者氰离子来说，它们都是用于有机合成的分子，特别是氰离子和氰离子的盐。
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Does anyone have something else they think about when they think about cyanide?
有人在想到氰化物的时候,会想起其它事情吗？
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The bitter, of course, are the ones that are very high in cyanide.
苦的根，当然，是富含氰化物的那种。
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Hydrogen cyanide is found in cigarettes.
人们发现香烟中含有氰化氢。
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That might be how you're more familiar with cyanide.
大家可能对氰化物的这一面更加熟悉。
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Yes, cyanide and death, very closely related as well.
没错，氰化物与死亡，也有非常密切的联系。
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So let's hydrogen cyanide as our first example.
那么让我们以氰化氢为第一个例子。
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Cyanide is incredibly toxic, it's a poison.
氰化物有极高的毒性，它是一种毒药。
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So if you're working with cyanide in the lab as potassium cyanide or sodium cyanide, those are what are called p h s's, it's a rating for different kinds of chemicals.
因此如果你在实验室中,需要用到氰化物，比如氰化钾或者氰化钠，这就是所谓的，“P，H，S“,这是化学药品有害程度的一个级别。
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