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A commercial bank, like a goldsmith banker, accepts deposits--that's critical -and that means you can put money in the bank.
商业银行,就像是一个金匠银行家,接受存款,这一点非常关键,就是说你可以把你的钱放到银行里
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I'm not talking about investment banks in this lecture -I'm talking about commercial banks, which accept deposits from depositors.
这节课不讲投资银行,只讲商业银行,商业银行从储户那里吸收存款
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Once they freed up interest rates, interest rates on deposits started soaring and banks started taking greater risks, particularly Savings and Loans.
一旦他们被放任去抬高利率,储蓄利率将会飞速攀升,而银行就会承载着更大风险,尤其对于储蓄贷款协会
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An investment bank is not a bank that accepts deposits; it doesn't deal with the general public.
投资银行不开设存款业务,也不面向大众提供服务
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Investment banks are very different in that a pure investment bank does not accept deposits and it doesn't make loans; it's an underwriter for securities.
投资银行是完全不同的,单纯的投资银行既不吸收存款,也不发放贷款,投行是证券承销商
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The other but more commonly used monetary policy is to change the rate is to effectively alter the rate of interest on deposits.
另一种形式，更广泛地被运用着,是货币政策是用来改变比率,有效地调整存款的利率水平。
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You talk to these people who were standing in front of the bank; the first question you'd ask them, aren't deposits insured in the U.K.
你去银行门前,与排队的人们交谈,先问他们,英国的存款
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That's a very dispersed system but it still works because member banks keep deposits at the Federal Reserve Banks and they're required to keep these deposits.
这是一个非常分散的系统,但是它还是能起到很好的作用因为会员银行,在联邦储备银行里付保证金,并且它们被要求付这些保证金。
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The traditional commercial bank would accept deposits from businesses and make loans to businesses.
早期的商业银行吸收商业存款,并发放商业贷款
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That's Depository Institution's Deregulation and Monetary Control Act; what that did was, it eliminated ceilings on interest rates --on deposits, it allowed banks to pay high interest rates.
存款机构放松管制和货币控制法案,所做的就是,取消了存款利率的上限,准许银行支付高额利率
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All the banks complied and kept deposits with the Bank of England.
所有的银行都遵从,并且对英格兰银行付了保证金。
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Banks still are vulnerable to bank runs because they still have deposits so the system is still vulnerable and therefore the Federal Reserve has a set of reserve requirements.
银行仍然对银行挤兑敏感,因为它们仍然有存款,所以这个系统还是比较脆弱的，因此,联邦储备金有一系列的法定准备金率。
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The reserve requirement now is 10% 10% on demand deposits so they're forced to keep those reserves and much of that is in the form of deposits at the Federal Reserve Banks.
现在的法定准备金率%,在活期存款上是,所以它们被强迫持有这些准备金,并且一大部分是在联邦储备银行,存着的。
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So the Bank of England effectively enforced that the banks in England kept adequate reserves and they would see some of these reserves in the deposits at the Bank of England.
所以，英格兰银行有效率地强制执行了,这种制度-英国的银行保有足够的准备金,并且他们将在向英格兰银行付的保证金里,看到准备金其中的一部分。
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It says that you have to keep deposits with us here at the central bank; either that or else keep vault cash and show that you have it as reserves for your deposits.
它声明你必须在中央银行这里,付保证金；,要不那样做，要不就在金库中存钱,并且表明你把它作为,存款中的储备金。
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Even though the deposits are short-term and the depositor can get the money at any time, the depositor is earning interest of a level that can only be made on long-term loans.
即使是短期存款,存款人可以随时取走存款,存款人也可获取仅从长期贷款中,才可得到的利息水平
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In other words, the banks were like customers of the Bank of England; they had to keep deposits there and the Bank of England watched them to make sure that they were behaving responsibly and had authority over them because it had market power.
换句话说，其他银行在英国就像是英国银行的客户;,其他银行不得不把钱存放在英国银行那,英国银行业负责监管着,其他银行的商业行为,也指挥着其他银行,因为英国银行有着控制市场的力量。
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Then later on,whenever you want, you can take your money out Meanwhile, they invest the deposits some way or another at a higher interest rate than they pay on the deposits and they make the difference and that's how they make a profit.
然后你什么时候需要你就可以把钱取出来,同时储蓄机构以比给你的利息,更高的利息储蓄,或者投资，这就出现了差价,这就是储蓄机构盈利的方法。
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It used to be that the government didn't let banks pay more than a certain amount on their deposits and that helped protect banks because then they didn't have to compete to pay high interest rates -then be incentivized to make risky loans to try to make money with those high interest rates.
在这之前,政府不允许银行对存款,支付超过一定数量的利息,那样做是为了保护银行,因此他们不必争相,去支付高额利率...,因为在高利率支付下银行会倾向于,发放高危贷款以获取利润
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If banks get in trouble and they can't pay out -if one bank gets in trouble and can't pay out on its deposits, then that can bring the whole system down because it can cause a panic among investors -among depositors and banks -and create a run on a bank.
如果银行出现问题而且他们无法支付...,如果一家银行出现问题,并且无法支付提取的存款,那么这就会使得整个系统崩溃,因为这会在投资者中引起恐慌...,在存款人和银行中引起恐慌,并且造成银行挤兑
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What they want to do is expand the actions of the Fed, so that they're not--you can describe the Federal Reserve or any central bank, traditionally, as a banker's bank the Bank of England was the first central bank and it made banks keep deposits at the Bank of England.
他们想做的是扩大政府对经济的调控范围，这样政府就能将联邦储蓄,或者其他中央银行变成银行的银行,英国银行是第一个中央银行,他使其他银行将钱存放在它这里。
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Now, the government insures deposits, as you know, through the FDIC -the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation.
现在,政府对存款进行保险,如你所知,通过FDIC,全称为联邦存款保险公司
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For Savings and Loans, they had an organization called the FSLIC, which is now defunct because of this crisis -Federal Savings and Loan Insurance Corporation -it was insuring deposits of Savings and Loans.
针对储蓄贷款协会,他们成立了一个名为FSLIC的组织,由于次贷危机,该组织已经不复存在了,...全称是联邦储蓄贷款保险公司,它为储蓄贷款协会的存款进行保险
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