But dualism doesn't so much offer the explanation typically as just say, "Well, maybe we'd be better off positing something immaterial."
但是二元论还没有给出,这样的解释,也许我们假设非物质的存在会好一些
A lot rests on it, but as Crick points out; the scientific consensus now is that dualism is wrong.
很多人都信奉它,但正如克里克所指出的,如今的科学共识认为二元论是错误的
The reason I think it doesn't follow trivially is because, remember, I said we're dealing with interactionist dualism.
我认为它并非自然地得出结论的原因是,记住,我们在和心物交互二元论打交道
And dualism simply says, "It's all nonphysical, it's part of the ether," and hence fails to explain it.
二元论只是说,"心灵是无形的,是世界的一部分",因此并不能给出合理的解释
And he used this argument as a way to support dualism, as a way to support the idea that bodies and minds are separate.
他用这一论据来支持二元论,来支持身心二元的观点
So I think it's a very nice attempt to discuss the physicalist alternative to Plato's dualism.
因此我认为这是个好的尝试,讨论与二元论不同的观点。
In contrast it looks, prospects don't look so promising for surviving my death of my body if we don't believe in dualism, if we're physicalists.
相反地,如果我们是物理主义者,如果我们不是二元论者,对于肉体死后人不死,就并不那么乐观了。
You may choose to embrace dualism, reject the idea that the brain is responsible for mental life, and reject the promise of a scientific psychology.
你也可以选择身心二元论,拒绝承认大脑引起心理活动,看低科学心理学的前景
So, this is known as dualism because the claim is, for humans at least, there are two separate things; there's our material bodies and there's our immaterial minds.
这便是二元论,因为它主张,至少对于人类而言,存在两种独立的成分,即有形的生理客体与无形的心理
As always with philosophy, there's more complicated versions of dualism where maybe the interaction doesn't work both ways, but let's just limit ourselves to good, old-fashioned, two-way interactionist dualism.
但由于我们在说的是哲学,二元论还持有更为复杂的观点,例如,交互作用对双方都不起作用,但就让我们限制在一个范围内较好,保守的,双向互动二元论观点
But the most articulate and well-known defender of dualism is the philosopher Rene Descartes, and Rene Descartes explicitly asked a question, "Are humans merely physical machines, merely physical things?"
但是最著名最有影响力的二元论拥护者,则非哲学家勒奈·笛卡尔莫属,勒奈·笛卡尔明确地提出了一个问题,"人类是否仅仅是生理机器,是生理客体而已"
Why would you reject dualism in favor of this alternative?
为什么你要反对二元论而相信这个
One thing is our dualism is enmeshed in our language.
首先,二元论镶嵌于我们的语言之中
Our dualism shows up in intuitions about personal identity.
二元论揭示了直觉上的人格同一性
One reason is dualism has always had its problems.
原因之一即二元论总是有自身的局限性
Now, Descartes made two arguments for dualism.
笛卡尔为二元论提出了两点论据
Now, dualism is a very different doctrine.
二元论则是一种截然不同的假说
So, dualism is emmeshed.
二元论在人们心中根深蒂固
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