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We eat different kinds of things and many people think that that's what has contributed to much more heart disease.
许多人认为,我们吃许多不同的食物,这是导致更多人患心脏病的原因
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The food guide pyramid was the government's effort, put through by the U.S. Department of Agriculture about what people should eat optimally.
食物金字塔是政府努力的结果,它是由美国农业部提出的,关于人们最佳饮食结构的建议
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But what you need to understand about the Greeks is that they don't eat a lot of meat.
但是你们需要理解的是,希腊人并不常食肉
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That's what the serpent omitted in his speech. He said If you eat of that fruit of the tree of the knowledge of good and evil, It's true in one sense but it's false in another.
这就是蛇的话语中所忽略的，他说,如果你吃了分辨善恶智慧树的果实，从一方面来说它是对的，但从另一方面却是错的。
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A lot of sciences rest on data that is flawed in some ways because of the difficulties in assessing what people eat.
许多依赖数据的科学常识是有瑕疵的,由于评估人类所吃食物非常困难
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This is a broad, philosophical, partly scientific view of what people might eat, and it's not a bad set of rules to follow.
这句话是一个宽泛的关于人们该吃什么的,富有哲学性又带有科学性的观点,是一套不错的守则
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Some people want more specificity about what to eat and there are some other examples of that.
有些人想要关于该吃什么更具体化的建议,这里有一些其它的例子可以作为指导
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This is what people are being told they should eat, but in fact, the vast majority of Americans do not meet dietary recommendations.
这就是人们被告知应有的饮食,而事实上,绝大多数美国人不能达到推荐食谱的要求
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And the Lord God commanded the man saying, 'Of every tree of the garden you are free to eat.'" His first thought is what are you going to eat?
上帝命令人们道，“你可以随意吃花园里的树木‘,他最先考虑的就是人要吃什么东西？
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People said the dairy industry and the meat industry were especially effective at lobbying and that gave you a skewed version of what to eat.
人们认为乳品加工业和肉类加工业,做了很多游说工作,并最终给了人们一个饮食建议的扭曲版本
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Now, let's talk about healthy diets and what kind of diets people might optimally eat.
我们再来谈谈健康饮食,以及最佳饮食结构
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And as we'll talk about when we get into the politics of foods, what is recommended for you to eat is very heavily influenced by the industry.
就像我们会讲到的食物政治学说的那样,推荐给你的食物,很大程度上是受食品工业影响的
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First of all, what you choose to eat, and what the world chooses to eat, which has enormous impact on the public's health, and even on world politics.
首先,我们选择吃什么,全球的人选择吃什么,对公众的健康和全球的政治,都有着的重大影响
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Is there any sort of an explanation for why God says you can't eat of this tree when he's given all of the fruit bearing trees... on what's going on and you're going to be reading a wonderful and interesting gnostic interpretation.
有没有一些解释来说明,为什么上帝要说你不能吃这棵树的果实,他给人类所有结果实的树。,对于你现在正在阅读和即将阅读的东西,有许多睿智有趣的解读。
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And so what people should eat, and what people think they are eating, and what they actually eat is really much different, and that leads to all kinds of problems.
所以人类的健康饮食摄入量,和他们自认为食物摄入量,和人类实际摄入量有巨大差别,这导致了各种问题
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But now that means there is a serious danger here, and in Genesis 3:22, God says, "Now that man has become like one of us, knowing good and evil , what if he should stretch out his hand and take also from the tree of life and eat, and live forever?"
但在那个时候，意味着，他们将面临很大的困难，《创世纪》第3章第22节，上帝说，现在那个人已经变得与我们相似，能知善恶,现在恐怕他又伸手摘生命树的果子,从此以后长生不老“
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Most everybody understands the basic concept of what a calorie is: you eat food, it delivers something that can affect your weight, and that something is divided into units called calories.
大部分人所理解的基本定义是,人们吃食物,其中某些物质影响体重,这种物质划分为小单位后称之为卡路里
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They're the ones who would seek out high fat, high sugar diets because then they would get calories to seek out a variety of food, to eat in--eat above what immediate hunger might dictate.
这些人追求高脂高糖饮食,以获得足够能量,继而寻找更多种食物,饥饿驱使他们吃可以迅速果腹的食品
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So nutrition is really what people are eating; and that overlaps with the concept of diet, which is when people are making specific choices about what to eat, how do they partition their nutrients.
营养学研究的是人们吃的东西,及其与饮食概念的交叉学科,也就是人们决定吃什么之后,如何区分其中的营养素
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And because of this nutritionism, because of the reductionism where we have become so precise about what we eat in terms of its tiny constituents that we've lost track of the bigger picture of food.
由于被营养学,以及简化论所左右,使得我们对食物的,简化论:社会调查的一个名词指用个体层次资料揭示宏观层次的现象 每一点细节都变得特别在意 即用比较低的分析单位来测量而作出的是比较高的分析单位才能得出的结论,反而失去与食物在宏观上的联系
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comes from flawed reports of what people eat, because in order to know what people eat you have to ask them, and even if people are really trying hard to be truthful, it's not the easiest thing to do.
这些信息来自于关于人们饮食缺陷的报告,因为你必须询问人们,吃了什么,尽管人们会尽量实事求是,但这很难做到
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We're not asking you to change anything; in fact it's best for this particular exercise to eat as you typically would so you can get a sense of what an average day would be like for you.
我们不是要求你去改变什么,事实上,对于这个作业来说,保持以前的饮食习惯是最好的,以便了解自己平时的饮食
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Now you can come to your own conclusions about whether that makes sense and we'll go over different dietary approaches as we go through subsequent classes If you compare ancient humans to what modern people eat, let's look at different constituents of the diet.
关于它是否合理,你们可以自己下结论,接下来让我们会,看看不同的饮食指南,让我们对比下古人和今人的饮食,首先是饮食结构的不同
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Now hopefully you're keeping a sheet of paper with you and you're writing down what you eat so you don't forget everything, and then you sit down at your computer at the end of the day and you log it all in.
希望你们可以随时带张纸,以便随时记下,吃的东西以防忘记,然后坐在电脑前,在一天结束时输入电脑
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The person who does that best is Michael Pollan, and when you read his book, In Defense of Food, he spends some time in the book defining what food is and working through this--this quagmire of how do we define food and what's acceptable to eat, what's socially acceptable, what's personally acceptable.
这一点上迈克尔·伯伦做得最好,你们可以看看他写的书《为食物辩护》,他在书中给食物下了定义,并深入地探讨了这个难题,即如何区分食物与能吃的东西,社会普遍接受的东西,个人能够接受的东西
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Some of this can be done if consumers make different choices in what they eat, but some can be silent changes too, so Frito-Lay taking the Trans fats out of their products and switching them with a healthier fat is a silent change that could have a positive impact on public health.
有些只要消费者选择其它的食物即可做到,但也有些变化是悄无声息的,菲多利将其产品中的反式脂肪,替换成更健康的脂肪就并未声张,这对大众健康有着积极的影响
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And also, as I'll discuss in a minute, a lot of people don't recognize what a portion is, and because the food industry has been very successful at recalibrating us to think about what's acceptable to eat in one sitting at one time, and because of that our notions of portions have been thrown way off.
同时,马上我要讲到,很多人不知道摄入量是什么,因为食品业,成功的重塑了我们,就坐用餐时关于什么东西是可食用的看法,而这使我们对摄入量这个概念,有了不同看法
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