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I can then subsequently lose an electron from the lithium ion. Lithium ion loses an electron to become lithium 2plus.
然后我能在锂离子中，失去一个电子,锂离子失去一个电子,变为二价锂离子。
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But it is interesting. Let's just, for an order of magnitude say what happens for ground state electron in atomic hydrogen?
但行星模型其实挺有趣的，按照重要的先后顺序，我们来猜想一下,氢原子中的基态电子会发生些什么？
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if we're actually thinking about electron configuration and we look at lithium, sodium and potassium, these all have one valence electron.
让我们来想一想,锂，钠，钾的电子排布，它们都只有一个价电子。
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De Broglie, 1924, in his PhD thesis says if an electron has wavelike properties this would be its wavelength.
德布罗意，1924年在他的博士毕业论文中说到,如果一个电子有类似波的性质,这就是它的波长。
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What is the energy of the electron, the energy of this electron accelerating from rest and crashing into the anode here?
什么是电子的能量，电子能量由其他部分增大,撞击进入阳极？
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What if we were to take this electron and send it over to here, in other words, engage in electron transfer.
如果我们得到这个电子,并把它放在这里，换句话说，我们做一个电子传送。
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OK, so now we've got, taken an electron from that sulfur, put it here, an electron from that sulfur, put it here.
现在我们得到的是，从硫那儿得到一个电子，放在这儿，一来自于硫的电子，放在这儿。
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So we can actually pop an electron or eject an electron from any single orbital that is occupied within the atom.
任何一个被占据轨道,打出一个电子,或者说发射出一个电子。
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OK, elements with low average valence electron energy, and here I'm saying below 11 electron volts, these are good electron donors.
平均价电子能都较低的元素，我是指那些低于11电子伏的，这些是很好的电子给体。
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Its average valence electron energy is 5.2 electron volts, which is a heck of a lot less than 11.
它的平均价电子能是,5。2电子伏，那比11电子伏要少得多。
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So do you think noble gases would have a high positive electron affinity, a low positive, or negative electron affinity?
那么，你认为稀有气体的电子亲和能,应该是一个高的正值，一个低的正值，还是一个负值？
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So in this case, we don't have enough energy to eject an electron, so, an electron is not ejected.
所以在这种情况下，我们没有足够的能量,去逐出一个电子，这样没有电子被逐出。
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Great. Yup, it's going to be an electron acceptor, it wants to accept electrons, it wants to accept electron density.
很好，没错，它将是一个电子的受主，它想要接收电子，接收电子密度。
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And we can also write this in an even simpler form, which is what's called electron configuration, and this is just a shorthand notation for these electron wave functions.
而且我们也可以将它，写为一个更简单的形式，它叫做电子构型,这个仅仅是这些电子波函数的。
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In other words, for an electron donor to give up its electron, the electron donor needs to have an electron acceptor.
换句话说，如果一个电子给体要失去电子，它就必须找到一个电子受体。
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And let's say our second electron now is really far away, such that it's actually not going to shield any of the nuclear charge at all from that first electron.
距离原子核非常非常近,我们说第二个电子处于非常远的位置,这样它不会对第一个电子,感受到的来自原子核的电荷量有任何屏蔽作用,我们最后要说的是。
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So chlorine, if we talk about it in terms of electron affinity, we would be writing that we're actually gaining an electron here, and getting the ion, c l minus.
那么，氯，如果我们要讨论它的电子亲和能，我们会假设它真的得到了,一个电子而变成离子，负一价的氯。
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Likewise, the element that is a good electron acceptor in an electron transfer reaction is going to be the element that is going to hog the electrons in a covalent bond.
同样的，这个元素在一个电子转移反应中,是个很好的受赠者它将成为在共价电子,中吸引电子的元素。
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And instead of having the electron giving off energy as a photon, instead now the electron is going to take in energy from light and move up to that higher level.
与电子以光子形式施放能量不同,我们现在要从光中,获得能量到一个更高的能级。
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This should make sense, because if an atom has a very high electron affinity, that means it's really happy taking an electron from another atom, or taking a free electron -- that that's very favorable.
这应该是合理的，因为如果一个原子有很高的电子亲和能，这意味着,它非常乐意从另外一个原子那里夺取一个电子，或者得到一个自由电子--这是非常利于发生的。
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So what that means is that we're limited in any atom to having two electrons per orbital, right, because for any orbital we can either have a spin up electron, a spin down electron, or both.
这意味着在一个原子内,每个轨道上可以有两个电子，对吧，因为对任何轨道,我们可以有自旋向上或者自选向下或者两者都有。
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So, basically any time we have a really high positive number of electron affinity, it means that that atom or ion really wants to gain another electron, and it will be very stable and happy if it does so.
因此，基本上无论什么时候,只要我们有一个很大的正的电子亲和能，这就意味着这个原子,或离子非常希望得到一个电子，如果它得到了，会变得更稳定更开心。
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Well, if it is a good electron donor in an electron transfer reaction, if the same element finds itself in a covalent bond, it is going to be a good electron donor, although it is not full transfer.
如果它是一个在电子反应中,的好捐赠者，如果相同电子发现他在共价电子里，它将成为一个好的捐赠者，虽然没有完全转换。
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So if you have some charge in the nucleus, but you also have repulsion with another electron, the net attractive charge that a given electron going to feel is actually less than that total charge in the nucleus.
所以如果在原子核中，有一些电荷但是你也有来自，另一个电子的排斥力,那么一个给定电子的,吸引电荷感觉到的事实上,小于原子核中的总电荷。
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So, if we want to think about what the first ionization energy is of boron, what you want to do is write out the electron configuration, because then you can think about where it is that the electron's coming out of.
如果我们要考虑,硼的第一电离能，你首先要做的是写出它的电子排布，因为在这之后,你才能知道拿走的是哪里的电子。
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Then something that you probably have a lot of experience with is talking about electron configuration and writing out the electron configuration.
然后有一些事情是,你们可能有较多经验,那就是讨论电子构型以及,写出它们。
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