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What's shown in this diagram is the progress of the developing embryo as it travels in time, down the fallopian tube.
这张图上显示的,就是胚胎发育的过程,是按照它在输卵管中移动的时间排序的
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And unfortunately, in order to get those stem cells, that requires killing the embryo.
而不幸的是，要想得到这些干细胞，就需要杀死胚胎。
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They're controversial, I think for obvious reasons, because you have to sacrifice an embryo in order to get them.
这些研究极富争议,我想原因很明显,因为你必须牺牲一个胚胎来取得干细胞
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Who took a ball, the vesicle, and he transplanted from the embryo, the ear region, to a limb.
他从胚胎的耳朵部分中,取出一个泡囊移植到腕部。
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These are cells that I that were obtained either from a more developed embryo, past the blastocyst stage.
这些细胞是我从,发育的更成熟的一些胚胎中提取的,这些胚胎已经过了囊胚期了
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For example, that embryo that I showed on one of the first slides where there's clearly a head region and a tail region.
比如我在第一张幻灯片里展示的那种胚胎,已经有了明显的头部和尾部
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We can see the early signs of ear development Start with the thickening of the outer layer of the embryo, this layer is called the ectoderm.
大家知道，耳朵发育的早期特征,是胚胎外层膜的增厚，这层膜也叫外胚层。
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First is that the ear develops from the surface layer of the embryo.
耳朵是由,胚胎的外胚层发育来了。
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There's a change in sort of the shape of the overall embryo as well.
与此同时,胚胎的外形,也有一定程度的变化
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So if that was all that was happening then an embryo would just be many, many cells that are all identical and you know that's not the case.
但如果仅是这样,那么胚胎就只有,许多一模一样的细胞,但实际不是这样
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This inner cell mass develops into the embryo, which this here shown at a later stage is beginning to be clear that it's becoming an organism that looks like us.
内细胞群发育成为胎儿,这张图这是一个相对晚期的阶段,能越来越清晰地观察到,这团东西开始有个人形了
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And he used a chicken embryo.
他所用的是小鸡胚胎。
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Now I isolated these cells maybe from the head region of the embryo, the region that's going to develop into the brain, so that would be a good place to look if you wanted cells that were going to develop into the brain.
现在我可以从胚胎的头部,分离这些细胞,从就要发育成为大脑的这些部位,这是取得你需要的细胞的绝佳位置,如果你想要发育成大脑的细胞的话
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This process of cell proliferation or cell division is, of course, very important during development of an embryo.
细胞增殖和分裂的过程,在胚胎发育中至关重要
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It's this group of cells, this subset of cells from the developing embryo that become the embryo, that become the organism, become the human.
这一组细胞,这组发育胚胎中的细胞亚群,发育成胚胎,发育组织,直至发育成整个人体
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During development of the embryo it goes from being a single cell, the fertilized egg, to being a multi-cellular organism with billions of cells in it.
胚胎的发育,始于一个单一细胞,即受精卵,直到形成一个以十亿计数量的细胞构成的,多细胞有机体
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Further down the line, for example, in the blastocyst I talked about before, we could obtain cells from this inner cell mass or this cluster of cells that becomes the embryo.
沿着这条线看,举个例子,就是我之前提到过的囊胚,我们可以取一些内细胞群的细胞,这种能成为胚胎的细胞群
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This one cell, this one fertilized cell which is unique because it's the - its chromosome contains the combination of the sperm and the egg, develops into an embryo and then on birth develops into a human.
这个受精卵,是独一无二的,因为它的染色体,包含了精子和卵子的组合,并由此发育成为一个胚胎,之后形成一个人类个体
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