So, let's go back to the thrilling days of the end of the 19th century, and just take stock.

让我们回到激动人心的,19世纪末，稍微想一下。

麻省理工公开课 - 固态化学导论课程节选

Diplomacy is still in Latin until the end of the seventeenth century and then, as you know, it becomes French.

直到17世纪末期,外交活动仍然用拉丁语进行,后来,你们知道,就变成了法语

耶鲁公开课 - 欧洲文明课程节选

And probably by the end of the first century, all of this was organized in some way.

大约在一世纪末，这些著作就被整理出来了。

耶鲁公开课 - 旧约导论课程节选

What did we know at the end of the 19th century about the structure of the atom?

在19世纪末,关于原子结构我们了解多少呢？

麻省理工公开课 - 固态化学导论课程节选

What percentage of Americans do you think worked on farms at the end of the nineteenth century?

你们认为在十九世纪末,大概有百分之多少的美国人在农场工作

耶鲁公开课 - 古希腊历史简介课程节选

As with almost all of the issues of contemporary and political struggle in the seventeenth century, Milton's own views really pull decidedly to the left, to the progressive end of the political spectrum.

和17世纪几乎所有的现代的,政治斗争相伴的是，弥尔顿的观点果断的偏向了左翼，偏向了政治图谱的革新分子一方。

耶鲁公开课 - 弥尔顿课程节选

The painting is The Birth of Christ by Botticelli in the end of the 15th century.

这幅油画--《维纳斯的诞生》,是画家波特切利在15世纪作的。

麻省理工公开课 - 电影哲学课程节选

Okay. Debussy, a French composer writing at the end of the nineteenth century in the Impressionist style, and the piece is called Moonlight-- Clair de Lune--but again you may- you'll come out of this course-- four months from now you'll know all of this stuff.

好的,德彪西,是一位法国作曲家,创作于,十九世纪末期,采用印象主义的手法,还有就是它叫做月光,月光,再说一遍,当你完成这个课程后,也就是四个月后,你会掌握到这方面所有的知识

耶鲁公开课 - 聆听音乐课程节选

The first accurate census, I think, is in Copenhagen at the end of the eighteenth century.

我认为,第一次精确的人口普查,是在十八世纪末的哥本哈根

耶鲁公开课 - 欧洲文明课程节选

This went out at the end of the 19th century, and so on.

这在19世纪末期后就结束了。

麻省理工公开课 - 固态化学导论课程节选

He did not ever imagine the abandonment of the table of ranks, which set everybody in a hierarchy, not for a minute-- we're talking about the end of the end of the 17th and 18th century.

他绝不会想要抛弃一个,把每个人都划分阶层的等级社会,从来没有动过这个念头,我们说的是在十七世纪末到十八世纪初

耶鲁公开课 - 欧洲文明课程节选

Actually, later on at the end of the fourth century when Aristotle is writing his Politics, he makes really a very clear connection as to the style of fighting and the kind of constitution that you have.

事实上,公元前四世纪末,亚里士多德写下《政治学》的时候,他将作战形式与,政体之间的联系阐述得十分清晰

耶鲁公开课 - 古希腊历史简介课程节选

We also know that Semitic slaves are well attested in Egypt at this time, the end of the thirteenth century: we also have records of that.

我们也知道闪族奴隶在此时期确实存在于埃及，在十三世纪末期，我们也有与此相关的记录。

耶鲁公开课 - 旧约导论课程节选

So, if you're looking back, say, from the end of the nineteenth century, it's not easy to see, but you can see these-- don't ever think that history runs on railroad tracks, and all you need is the timetable to show when modernization shows up.

所以,当你回顾历史,从十九世纪的末尾开始,虽然不太容易,但还是可以看出...,别以为历史是在固定轨道上行进的,别以为你只用拿时刻表,就知道新时代什么时候来临

耶鲁公开课 - 欧洲文明课程节选