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Let's look at the energetics of one of those electrons crashing into a hydrogen atom inside the gas tube.
我们一起来考察一下,其中的一个电子的能量,在阴极射线管中,撞击到氢原子上。
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And, if we wanted to try to fit, say, hydrogen, into this scheme that we have, we have to do what?
如果我们想要让他们符合我们的原理比如氢气，我们需要怎样？
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HBr So for example, if I want to look at HBr there's a simple case, right, hydrogen bromine.
如果我想研究,这是个简单的例子，溴化氢。
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So what we can actually directly compare is the dissociation energy or the bond strength of nitrogen versus hydrogen.
因此实际上我们可以直接进行比较,对氮分子与氢分子的离解能,或键的强度。
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There's not actually chemical covalent bonds that are formed but it's a non-covalent interaction, usually dominated by hydrogen bonding.
所以配体和受体之间不生成共价键,这是一种非共价化合反应,它们通常以氢键相联
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But it is interesting. Let's just, for an order of magnitude say what happens for ground state electron in atomic hydrogen?
但行星模型其实挺有趣的，按照重要的先后顺序，我们来猜想一下,氢原子中的基态电子会发生些什么？
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So in addition to having these two carbon bonds, we actually also have four carbon hydrogen bonds in addition to our carbon-carbon bonds.
在这碳碳之间的键以外，我们还有四个碳氢键,除了我们的碳碳键外。
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It is a double column, You can see, it starts with hydrogen and goes to mercury in ascending order of atomic mass.
双纵栏，你们看到，从氢开始,然后到水银，按原子质量的升序排列。
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He has two electrons here with the same set of quantum numbers. B but these are two separate hydrogen atoms.
因为我写了两个量子数,一样的电子,但这是在两个不同原子中啊。
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So, for example, hydrogen or fluorine they'll never be in the middle, they'll always be on the end of a molecule.
比如，氢或者氟,永远不会在中间，它们总是会在分子中最边缘的位置。
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There are some exceptions, which we'll get to later, but the only a big exception here is with hydrogen, which has a special stability that's associated with two electrons.
但也有一些例外我们将以后再讲，但这里只有一个较大的例外，氢，它的稳定性比较特殊，只需要两个电子。
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It doesn't go all the way to absolutely 100 percent ammoniazero hydrogen zero nitrogen if they were mixed together with the right ratios.
即使按适当比例混合,也不会出现全部氨气,没有氢气和氮气的情况。
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So, what we get for the disassociation energy for a hydrogen atom is 424 kilojoules per mole.
因此，我们就得到了氢原子,离解能的大小为，424，千焦每摩尔。
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I'm not going to writegiven threemoles of hydrogen at one bar and three degrees, blah,bla I'm going to write it in a compact notation.
我不会写“给定1巴和多少度下,的三摩尔氢分子之类,我会把它写成一个紧凑的形式。
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In 1896, Charles Pickering from Harvard found a series of lines in starlight which he attributed to hydrogen, even though they did not fit Balmer.
在1896年，来自哈佛的查尔斯皮克林发现,一系列的星光,他认为那是氢的作用，虽然它们与巴尔末理论不符。
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The reason is because we already have a full valence shell for our hydrogen, it doesn't want any more electrons.
原因是因为我们的氢,已经有一个排满的价壳层了，它不再需要多余的电子了。
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