If the invader chooses the hard pass he will lose one battalion of his army simply in getting over the mountains, simply in going through the hard pass.

如果侵略者选择崎岖的路,仅在穿越阿尔卑斯山的途中,他就要损失一个营的兵力,这就是选崎岖之路的代价

耶鲁公开课 - 博弈论课程节选

So imagine the following example, an invader is thinking about invading a country, and there are two ways -- there are two passes if you like -- through which he can lead his army.

想象一下这样的例子,一个侵略者打算入侵一个国家,有两条路,想象成两个关口也行,侵略者必须通过一个才能进入

耶鲁公开课 - 博弈论课程节选

If you're expecting to be attacked and besieged, as all these citadels would be by an invader, you would want more than anything else a water supply, but they didn't necessarily have good water supplies in such circumstances.

如果你预料到会被攻击和包围,就像这些城邦面对侵略者那样,你最关心的一定是水源供应,但在这样的情况下,他们未必能找到充足的水源

耶鲁公开课 - 古希腊历史简介课程节选