Vallombrosa literally means "shady valley," and I think it recalls Galileo's shady place, Valdarno, another valley.

瓦隆布罗萨字面上的意思是“成荫的村庄“,我认为这使人想起了伽利略阴暗的处所，另一个村子，瓦尔达诺。

耶鲁公开课 - 弥尔顿课程节选

Hamas is a word that literally means violence, bloodshed, but also all kinds of injustice and oppression.

哈马斯在文学中是暴力，血腥，各种压迫和不公平的意思。

耶鲁公开课 - 旧约导论课程节选

pastor The word pastoral comes from the Latin pastor, which literally means "shepherd," and Milton knew perfectly well how artificial his use of the pastoral mode of poetry would seem as well as how out of fashion, how completely outdated, it would seem.

这个词来源于拉丁语中的，字面上表示“牧羊人“,弥尔顿非常清楚他对这种田园诗的运用,看起来有多么的不自然，过时，多么的落伍。

耶鲁公开课 - 弥尔顿课程节选

Everyone is an enforcer or what Locke calls " "the executor"of the state of nature and he means executor literally.

每个人都是执行者，或洛克说的,自然法的“执刑者,这个“执刑者“可以字面上理解。

耶鲁公开课 - 公正课程节选

The crucial point here for us is that immortality means not just living a very long time or even an extraordinarily long time, but literally living forever.

这里至关重要的一点是永生,不仅意味着生存很长一段时间,甚至极其漫长的一段时间，而是指永远生存下去。

耶鲁公开课 - 死亡课程节选

Incubate is the strange Latin word, and it's a verb -- of course, as we know-- it's a verb typically used with relation not to spirits but to gestating birds, and it literally means "to brood."

incubabat“是个罕见的拉丁词，是个动词--当然，我们知道--这个动词通常用于正在孕育后代的鸟,而不用于神灵，它的字面意思是“孵“

耶鲁公开课 - 弥尔顿课程节选