- And we can think about why -- essentially we have fluorine and now we're adding another electron. So you can picture that fluorine is going to get larger in this case And that would be true for all of the negatively charged ions.

我们可以想一想这是为什么-,本质上来讲我们现在给氟原子加上了,另外一个电子,因此大家可以想象在这种情况下氟将变大,而且这对于其它负离子也是成立的。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

So, if we think about the force that occurs between a positively and a negatively charged particle, what we have is essentially a Coulomb force, so we can describe this as a force of attraction.

一个带负电的粒子之间，的作用力,这本质上就是库伦力，我们可以把它，描述成一个引力。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

It's less negatively charged than it is in its resting state.

细胞膜此时比静息状态带负电减少

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

And the way I have this configured, the left electrode is going to be charged negatively and the right electrode is going to be charged positively.

我必须指出，左边电极充负电,右边电极充正电。

麻省理工公开课 - 固态化学导论课程节选

Now, that rapid rise is called depolarization and the membrane is said to be in a depolarized state because it's less polarized or less negatively charged repolarized as negatively charged.

这个迅速上升过程称为去极化,我们称膜处于去极化状态,因为膜的极化程度降低了,或者说是带的负电减少了,而复极化就代表重新带上负电荷

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

PROFESSOR: Yeah, that's right. So, what we have here, cathode rays we now know are negatively charged particles. And, in fact, he named these negatively charged particles. Does anyone know what he named them? No, not electrons - very good guess. He named them corpuscles.

学生：负电，教授：是的,我们现在知道，阴极射线是带负电的粒子,实际上他还给这些,带负电的粒子去了一个名字,有谁知道叫什么吗？

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

It's loaded with phosphates which are negatively charged.

NA分子上有很多带负电荷的磷酸根

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

So, we know now that we have charged particles. Are these negatively or positively charged based on this evidence?

弯曲的角度,现在我们知道,阴极射线是带电粒子,但从这个实验？

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

You have a positive electrode here and the electron is charged negatively.

你有一个正电极,电子带的是负电荷。

麻省理工公开课 - 固态化学导论课程节选