And that person who really studied it systematically, and is given credit for developing the first vaccine, is a Scottish physician named Edward Jenner.

而那个系统研究疫苗,并被誉为发明了第一支疫苗的人,叫爱德华?詹纳,是苏格兰的一名医生

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

Or a physician has recommended that you do that.

或者医生建议你这样做

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Jonas Salk, who probably you've heard the name, was a physician who, at the time thought, "Well if we can make large quantities of this virus then perhaps we can make it into a vaccine."

乔那斯?索尔克,你们可能听说过他,他是一名内科医生,在当时认为,如果我们可以制造大量病毒,那么我们或许可以使其转化为疫苗

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And Jenner, because he was a trained physician, because he knew something about the scientific method, did something that these more ancient healers had not done in the past, was that he wrote down what he did.

而詹纳,因为他是个受过训练的医生,懂得一些科学方法,他做了那些古老的医生们没有做的事,就是记录了自己的所作所为

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Two of the key players there are Frank Speizer, a physician who got the study started, The Nurses' Health Study I, that got started in 1976, and then Walter Willett who got Nurses' Health Study II started, and is still the principle investigator of these studies.

弗兰克.斯佩萨是两名关键成员之一,就是这位内科医生提出进行 这项研究,第一阶段护士健康研究开始于1976年,另一位主要成员是沃尔特·威莱特,他开始了第二阶段的护士健康研究,他还是这些研究的理论调查者

耶鲁公开课 - 关于食物的心理学、生物学和政治学课程节选