OK, so we ended up last time, we talked about Joule-Thomson expansion, which is an irreversible expansion through a nozzle, through a porous plug, constant enthalpy expansion.

上节课，我们讨论了焦耳-汤姆逊，膨胀过程,也就是气体，通过毛细管。

麻省理工公开课 - 热力学与动力学课程节选

You take a throttle valve, which consists of some sort of porous plug between two cylinders that is insulated. There is insulation here.

有一个节流阀，它由一些多孔的塞子组成,这些多孔塞在两个绝热的汽缸之中,这里是绝热的，底下也是绝热的。

麻省理工公开课 - 热力学与动力学课程节选

There is a long porous border.

有一个长长的，松散的边境线。

普林斯顿公开课 - 国际座谈会课程节选