There's a zeroth law The zeroth law every one of these laws basically defines the quantity in thermodynamics and then defines the concept.
有第零定律,这些定律中的每一条都定义了,热力学中一个基本物理量的概念,第零定律定义了温度。
All those things have to happen in an orderly fashion, in enough quantity in order for a particular cell to make a protein.
所有的步骤必须按部就班,保质保量地进行,让一个特定的细胞合成特定的蛋白质
And we can go through and calculate the value of this quantity in parenthesis. And, when we do so, we get the value 2.18 times 10 to the minus 18 joules.
我们能进行计算这些值,如果我们这样做,我们能算出是,2。18,乘以10,的负18焦耳。
Again, how much quantity would Firm 2 have to produce in order to induce Firm 1's best response to be 0?
重复一遍,公司2的产量是多少时,公司1的最佳对策是产量为0呢
In other words, we're taking advantage of the fact that we now know that quantity. In the case of the ideal gas we just have a simple model for it.
换句话说,我们可以利用我们已经,了解这个物理量的这个优势,对理想气体我们有一个简单的模型。
It's important for you guys to know that everything you write down in the notebook or blackboard as a symbol is actually a measured quantity.
其重要性就在于,你们要知道,你们记在本子上或者写在黑板上的任何物理符号,实际上都是测量量
Birds and mammals invest in quality and not quantity, as opposed to fish and reptiles.
鸟类和哺乳类靠质生存,而非以量取胜,这与鱼类和两栖类不同。
And the solution to this equation looks like this where it is written in terms of a quantity called a wavefunction.
这个方程的解法是,看起来像是写成数学符号就是,波函数。
I produce any quantity at all in addition to what's out there already, what's going to happen to the price?
如果我再额外生产一些产品,会对产品价格产生什么影响
So we have this condition that's established in a quantity that we know how to calculate.
在种种条件下,我们得到了一个我们知道如何计算的物理量。
So I claim that this total quantity being produced is less than the competitive quantity, but more in total than the monopoly quantity.
我说吧,这种情况下的总产出,比完全竞争产量要少,但比垄断产量要大
So we have the monopoly quantity here, and we have the competitive here, and in between what does this best response curve look like?
这样我们就算出了垄断产出,还有完全竞争产出,二者之间的图线是什么样的呢
So I can make a quantity that I'll call V bar, which is the molar volume, the volume of one mole of a component in my system, and that becomes an intensive quantity.
所以我可以定义,一个叫做一横的量,这是摩尔体积系统中,一摩尔某种组分的体积,它就变成了。
So this is the total quantity produced on this equilibrium, in this Cournot Nash Equilibrium.
这就是在古诺博弈中的,纳什均衡
So Patrick's response in Pepsi is to overproduce relative to the monopoly quantity, actually overproduce even relative to the Cournot quantity and produce all the way out here.
百事可乐公司面对垄断产量,采取的举措是增加产量,实际上增加产量就会导致,产量逐渐接近古诺产量
Suppose, in fact, we do end up back at the Cournot quantity.
假如我们处在古诺产量的情况下
I won't bother to write it separately for Firm 2, it's going to be the quantity it sells times the price it gets for that quantity, minus that quantity it sells times the cost it incurs in producing that quantity.
我不用另外写公司2的收益了,收益是销量,乘以对应的价格,减去销量乘以产品,的生产成本
And let me use a big Q to be the total quantity produced-- sorry--the total quantity demanded in the market.
用Q代表总产量,对不起,是市场总需求量
What this really means is in a given time, the change in this quantity is a times the change in this quantity.
这里的真正含义是在给定的一段时间内,这个量的变化量等于,a乘以这个量的变化量
So, in particular, what we're going to do to find out what quantity q1 maximizes this profits for each choice of q2.
所以我们要算出来在不同的q2下,q1取什么值才能最大化利润
There's no Pepsi in the market and 1-P1 quantity of Coke is sold.
百事可乐卖不出去,可口可乐的销量是1-P1
As long as we understand that, we can do this cancellation and this says on the left-hand side the change in the quantity v square over 2 is a times the change in the quantity x.
只要我们明白这一点,我们就可以这样做简化,在等号左边,v^/2的变化量,为a乘以x的变化量
That quantity in parenthesis, I have a mass which is a positive number. Something raised Something raised to the fourth power has got to be positive.
顺便说一句,质量这个量是个正数,四次方的值,肯定是正数。
How much quantity would Firm 2 have to produce in order to induce Firm 1 not to produce at all?
公司2的产量达到多少时,公司1会选择停产呢
OK, but in order to relate turning these physical knob to this quantity here, which we don't have a very good feel for, we've got to have a feel for the slopes.
热量是怎么进一步改变的,但是为了把这些物量同我们,不是很理解的焓联系起来,我们对微分已经有了一定的了解。
So the total quantity produced in the market--the total quantity will be 2a - c over 3b.
这样整个行业的总产出就是,2/3b
So basically the idea is that the more these firms produce, so the more the total quantity produced q1 + q2, the lower is the price in the marketplace for this product.
核心思想就是两家企业生产得越多,即产量,q1 + q2,越大,该产品的市场价格就越低
Okay, so in oil we all know that in the late 60s, early 70s, OPEC was formed precisely to restrict quantity among the major oil producing countries, and very quickly we see companies take other countries take advantage of this to start producing oil profitably.
众所周知在上世纪六七十年代,为了限制石油的产量,主要产油国成立了OPEC组织,但是很快就有一些国家,利用这点来产油获利
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