It's just like the photograph, perhaps the not very good photograph, that reminds me of my friend Ruth.All right.

就像照片一样,或许拍的不好,但是它能让我回想起我的朋友露丝

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and Ruth's Chris which is also a steakhouse.

还有Ruth's Chris，也是牛排店。

电影里出现过的地方 - SpeakingMax英语口语达人

You might hold up the photograph and I might say, "Gosh, that really doesn't look very much like Ruth does it?"

你拿起照片,我可能会说,这一点都不像露丝

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So on the one hand--temporal sequence-- first you know Ruth, you meet Ruth, you get to know Ruth.

所以一方面,按时间顺序来说,你需要先知道露丝,见到露丝 了解露丝

耶鲁公开课 - 死亡课程节选

In order for the photograph to remind me of Ruth, I have to already have met Ruth.

如果一张照片能使我想起露丝,我必须已经见过露丝了

耶鲁公开课 - 死亡课程节选

It resembles Ruth well enough to remind me of her, and interestingly, it can do that even if it's not a very good photograph.

它和露丝相似到,足以让我想起她,有趣的是,一张不是很好的照片也可以做到

耶鲁公开课 - 死亡课程节选

Even though I see that it is a photograph of Ruth; it reminds me of her.

尽管我知道这是露丝的照片,它让我想起了她

耶鲁公开课 - 死亡课程节选

It brings Ruth to mind. I start thinking about Ruth.

她在我脑海中浮现,我开始想起露丝

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And suddenly, you're remembering things you know about Ruth.

然后立刻你就会,回想起关于露丝的一切

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And looking at the photograph reminds me of Ruth.

我看到照片就想到她

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I remember various things I know about Ruth.

我记起了很多关于露丝的事情

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You've never met Ruth, let's suppose.

假如你从来没见过露丝

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But the photograph resembles Ruth.

但是照片和露丝很相似

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Well, you don't know Ruth.

因为你不认识露丝

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Then at a later time you're shown an image of Ruth-- maybe not even an especially good image of Ruth-- but good enough to remind you.

然后以后你看到她的照片时,就算不是特别像,但是足够,让你想起她的一张照片时

耶鲁公开课 - 死亡课程节选

So the pieces we need are not only an image of Ruth, even if an imperfect image of Ruth, we also need some prior acquaintance with Ruth.

所以我们不只需要露丝的照片,甚至不能是一张不像露丝的照片,我们必须之前就熟知她才行

耶鲁公开课 - 死亡课程节选