That was some, not too complicated, but hopefully understandable description of a whole area of biology called signal transduction.

这些并不复杂,却有希望描述清楚,生物学领域一大类现象,称为信号转导

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

If you hear about signal transduction in biology, people that study signal transduction are studying just these things we talked about, how biochemical messages get transferred into cells and through cells.

如果你在生物学领域听到信号转导这个词,那么研究信号转导的人就是,在研究我刚才讲过的那些东西,生化信息如何传入细胞并传递至细胞各处

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

This same thing happens here, there's a transduction, one kind of a signal gets converted to another kind of a signal.

这两种过程是相同的,都是一个信号转换的过程,一种信号转化为另一种信号

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选