Gas phase single atom. So we don't have to deal with work function or any kind of energies associated with some condensed form of matter.

气相的单原子，所以我们不需要再,处理功函数的问题,以及和凝聚态相关的能量问题。

麻省理工公开课 - 固态化学导论课程节选

See, up until now I have been talking about gas phase, single atoms, all this stuff.

看，只到现在我们已经讨论了气相，单原子，这些东西。

麻省理工公开课 - 固态化学导论课程节选

These are single atoms. It has to be gas phase.

这些都是单个原子，所以必须用气态形式的锂。

麻省理工公开课 - 固态化学导论课程节选