And he produced a fluid from cowpox lesions, so these were these lesions, these skin lesions on cows.

他生产出一种取自牛痘,即牛皮肤上的瘢痕的液体

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

Then you start to get lesions on your skin that are very characteristic of smallpox.

然后你的皮肤就会遭到损害,这就是天花的典型特征

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

She and the Chevy seemed parked at the center of an odd religious instant, as if on some other frequency, or out of the eye of some whirlwind rotating too slow for her heated skin even to feel the centrifugal coolness of words were being spoken.

她和她的雪佛兰车，似乎停在了,一个宗教瞬间的中心，就像在其他的频率上，又像是离开了旋风的风眼,风转的如此之慢，以至于她灼热的皮肤,感觉不到言语带来的，离心般的寒冷。

耶鲁公开课 - 1945年后的美国小说课程节选

Here is a thin membrane, it's a polymer scaffold, and on that polymer scaffold scientists have placed some skin cells and they've allowed it to grow.

这是一张薄膜,它是一个聚合物支架,在这个支架上,科学家放了一些皮肤细胞,并让它们生长

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

And so you can imagine that even in its— with all of this activity on your skin, even at its most--least serious level, it's a terrible disease.

你可以想象这些,即使在,伴随着皮肤上的任何运动,即使是最轻微的活动,也会带来严重的问题

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

These are very deep lesions that go not just on the surface of your skin like a blister would, but down into the dermis or deeper layers of the skins, as well.

这些伤非常深,它们不仅像水泡那样存在于皮肤表面,还深入到真皮层或者皮下更深的地方

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

So, they developed this bifurcated tool, which would be appl--you'd put the stuff on the surface of the tool and then you'd scratch the skin in a certain way so that you could produce sort of a reproducible introduction of the vaccine into the skin.

所以他们发明了一种分为两叉的工具,把疫苗抹在这种工具表面上,然后以某种方式在皮肤上刮,这样就能将疫苗,重复不断地引入到皮下

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

One way I could try to find the gene for human insulin is to take any cells from any of us, skin cells let's say, and I could identify where on the chromosomal DNA that insulin is likely to occur.

我能找到胰岛素基因的一个方法,是从任意一个人身上任意取一些细胞,比如说皮肤细胞,并且我知道胰岛素基因,可能出现在染色体DNA的哪一部分

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选