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In the very red means in that part of the brain is stimulated by the centre of your visual field.
红色部分说明这部分的大脑,收到视野中心的刺激。
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They might have different ligands which stimulate them, but once they're stimulated they work the same way.
尽管激活它们的配体有所不同,但一旦被激活的话,接下来的机制就一样了
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And bathing inside the inner ear fluids where they become stimulated by sound waves and acceleration forces.
毛细胞悬浮在内耳液中,接受声波和其它外力的刺激。
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Mind you, it's not that I think we couldn't be stimulated to get pleasure forever.
提醒你们，我并非否定,永远依靠刺激获得快感。
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Neurotransmitter release is stimulated by the electrical activity that reaches the end of the axon.
到达轴突末梢的电流变化,刺激了神经递质的释放
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They only kill cells that have the signal which stimulated them.
只能杀死那些带有能激活,它们的标记信号的细胞
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and what we saw, just to cut to the data, is that when people anticipated making money we saw increased activation and the region not far from the region that Olds and Milner stimulated in 1954.
而我们所见的则转换成了数据，当人们预期会赚钱时,我们看见大脑活动的增加,而这块活动增加的区域,和奥兹和米尔纳在1954年试验时的大脑区域相隔不远。
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When you're on the experience machine, you've got-- your brain is being stimulated in such a way that you've got the identical experience on the inside to what it would feel like if you really were doing these things.
当你在体验机器上时-,你的大脑受到的刺激,让你在机器里获得,和真正做那些事时一模一样的体验。
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The antibodies they make are all specific to the antigen that stimulated them.
它们制造的抗体,对激活它们的抗原来说都是特异性的
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They bind to the antigen that stimulated their production.
它们结合在那些,激活了抗体产生的抗原之上
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I don't think they were having very good success, but they did notice something interesting which is that the rat kept returning to the corner of the cage in which it was stimulated the day before So Olds got an interesting idea, he said, what if we let the rats stimulate in its own brain, what would happen.
他们的试验并不是非常成功，但他们确实是注意到了一些有趣的事情,老鼠总是会回到,昨天接受刺激的那个箱子的角落,因此奥兹产生了一个有趣的想法，他想，如果我们让老鼠在自己的脑中对自己进行刺激会，发生什么事情。
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Now, if I was a person that was designing a vaccine and I noticed that this was the response that it got, that antibodies were produced, they reached some intermediate level, they started to fall, I would say, "Well I haven't stimulated the immune system enough, let me re-boost, let me give another dose of antigen."
现在,如果我正在研究一种疫苗,我注意到机体会对这种疫苗产生应答,也就是会产生抗体,当抗体浓度达到中等水平后,就开始下降,就可以说,疫苗对免疫系统刺激还不足,我需要提高抗原浓度,让我再把剂量再加大一倍
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So not all of the B-cells that are stimulated become plasma cells or antibody secreting cells.
所以,并不是所有的B淋巴细胞,被刺激分化成为,浆细胞或是抗体分泌细胞
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That's shown here, a B-cell gets stimulated, matures into an antibody producing factory.
这里展示的是,当一个B细胞被激活,分化成熟为一个生成抗体的工厂
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Because at the end of the Y, there's a special region of the antibody, the antigen-binding region, that is highly tuned for binding to the antigen that stimulated them.
因为Y形抗体的末端,是抗体上非常特殊的一个区域,即抗原结合区域,这一区域高度特异性地,用于结合激活免疫的抗原
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In the case of the helper cells they stimulate a specific population of B-cells to mature into antibody producing cells, and that antibody is generated against the antigen that stimulated it.
以辅助性T细胞为例,辅助性T细胞刺激特定的B细胞,使这些细胞成长为抗体分泌细胞,抗体分泌细胞产生大量的抗体,以消灭大量增殖的抗原
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The memory cells, which are stimulated, lead to an IgG response and that's why IgG is the antibody of-- that is produced predominantly after the boost, but there is some IgM produced also.
记忆细胞受到刺激之后,可以诱发分泌IgG的应答反应,这也是为什么IgG,是接种疫苗后产生的主要抗体,与此同时也刺激产生了一些IgM
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