We talked about base pairing and how that leads to this process of hybridization or very specific matching between complimentary strands.
我们讲了碱基配对,以及它们如何引起杂交过程,或者说,互补链之间的特异配对
In any event, in music we have different strands and these strands can be organized in different ways.
不管怎样,在音乐中有不同的线,而这些线可以用不同的方式组织
You then denature again, each one of these strands gets separated, primers bind, turn on the polymerase, a new strand is made.
然后你可以再次使产物链变性,使各链解旋,再结合引物,激活聚合酶,再生成新链
You know from our discussion last time that these two complimentary strands are not mirror images of one another, they're not identical, they're complimentary.
从我们上次的讨论中可以得知,这两段互补序列并非互为镜像,它们并非相同,而是互补的
If you put in other little strands of melody, it changes it more toward polyphonic texture.
如果将之放到其他的小旋律中,将会改变对位材质。
One of the strands encodes the protein, encodes for the protein, the other does not.
一条链编码蛋白质,指导蛋白质合成,另一条则不能
Think of the texture of music and think of these strands of high and low.
让我们思考音乐的织体,以及这些高低的线条
This notion of complementary strands is very important.
这个双链互补配对的概念非常重要
How many strands of music do you hear-- can you pick up?
大家能听到多少股旋律,能数清楚吗
It has to do with tapestries and carpets and things like that where you weave different strands in in different ways, and somewhere in my deep recesses I have these words "Wep" And "Warp" Or something like that.
它和挂毯和地毯之类的东西一样,你可以用不同的方式编织不同的线,在我内心深处,有这么一些词,交错,和,蜿蜒
But they will do that in a very particular way, in that only strands that exactly match will be able to reform their native structure.
但是双链的形成也不是随意的,只有完全互补的单链之间,才成重新恢复到它们原先的结构
Those are two continuous strands that wind around each other to form the double helix.
这两股主链,相互缠绕形成双螺旋
You can do that by gently adding heat and making it basic, but you make the two DNA strands separate.
你可以通过逐渐加温并使之碱化的方法,使双链DNA解旋
This is - what this diagram shows you is-- the forces that hold these individual strands of DNA into a double stranded form.
你们可以看看这个图表,演示了连接两条DNA长链为双螺旋,结构的化学力
A new single stranded DNA is formed on each one of these open single strands.
对两条打开的单链进行复制,会生成两条新的DNA单链
That only strands that have this exact complement can form double stranded DNA.
这表示只有两条链的碱基对,完全互补才能形成DNA双链
If I'm talking about two DNA strands and they differ only in one or two base pairs they won't be exact complements and they won't form this double helix.
假设有两条DNA单链,有一两个碱基不能配对,它们就不能完全互补,也无法形成双螺旋形结构
That tells you something about the physical chemistry of the molecule; that it's these hydrogen bonds that hold the double strands and I can break those down under certain conditions.
我们从中可以知道一些,DNA分子的理化特点,双链是由氢键连接在一起,在一定条件下这些氢键可以断裂
So the process of cloning DNA is taking a few strands of DNA of a gene that you're interested in and making many copies of them, that's cloning,you like to make identical copies.
所以DNA克隆的过程,就是用你所感兴趣的,基因的一些DNA链,来得到更多它们的拷贝,这就是克隆,复制出相同的拷贝
Now DNA is a double helix and I've only shown you one part of the helix, right? I've shown you one upright strut and a base hanging off of it, but it forms a double helix because complementary strands of DNA strongly associate with one another and that's a very stable structure.
NA是双螺旋,我只是给你们讲了螺旋的一边,我给你们演示,一条链的支柱及碱基团,但其能构成双螺旋,是因为DNA是完全互补的两条链,彼此之间结合紧密,结构异常稳定
If I had a beaker sitting on the table here and it contained a million blue double stranded DNA molecules and a million red double stranded DNA molecules and I heated it up and added a little base, I'd soon have four million individual strands just floating around in the solution because I've broken up this hydrogen bonding and the DNA molecules fall apart.
假如我这里有一个烧杯 里面,盛有一百万条蓝色DNA双链和,一百万条红色DNA双链,然后我稍微加热一下烧杯,并且加一些碱,很快我就有了四百万条DNA单链,漂浮在溶液里,因为我已经使得氢键断裂,DNA双链也随之打开
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