You just need a few macroscopic variables that are very familiar to you, like the pressure, the temperature, the volume, the number of moles of each component, the mass of the system.

你只需要某些你非常熟悉的宏观变量,比如压强，温度，体积，每个组分的摩尔数，系统的质量。

麻省理工公开课 - 热力学与动力学课程节选

So I can make a quantity that I'll call V bar, which is the molar volume, the volume of one mole of a component in my system, and that becomes an intensive quantity.

所以我可以定义，一个叫做一横的量，这是摩尔体积系统中,一摩尔某种组分的体积，它就变成了。

麻省理工公开课 - 热力学与动力学课程节选

You need to know if it's an equilibrium, and you also need to know how many components you have in your system So, a glass of ice water with an ice cube in it, which is a heterogeneous system, has only one component, which is water, H2O.

要知道它是不是平衡的，你还需要知道,你的系统中有多少组分,一杯放了冰块的水，虽然它是个非均匀系统，但它只有一种组分，那就是水。

麻省理工公开课 - 热力学与动力学课程节选