His admiration for foreign things and approaches was tempered by, as Hughes argues, his devotion to Russia, which he oversaw.

正如休斯所说,他虽然歆慕外国文化,但仍被本国传统所抑制,他还是忠于他统治之下的俄国

耶鲁公开课 - 欧洲文明课程节选

but people are shorter-tempered, but just seem more irritable

但是人们脾气更暴躁，更容易发怒。

加州的天气 - SpeakingMax英语口语达人

It has been tempered in a celestial fire in ether, and it was the ether of the ethereal heavens that had always been thought -throughout the Renaissance and long before, of course -- to be the most perfect substance imaginable.

它是在广阔苍穹的天国之火中被锻造出，也是飘渺的天堂中的以太,不断地被提及,-贯穿于文艺复兴的始终，当然--是可想见的最完美的物质。

耶鲁公开课 - 弥尔顿课程节选

She's rank, ill-tempered, pungent in all senses.

不管怎么说都粗鄙，坏脾气，刻薄。

耶鲁公开课 - 现代诗歌课程节选