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And en route we discovered that we can divide the Periodic Table into metals, 75% which is about 75% of the Periodic Table.
我们发现,我们能够将元素周期表划出金属，大概占。
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A remember about the Periodic Table test which will be added next week on the 23rd.
我要提醒你们,下周23号将会有个周期表测试。
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So hopefully, it was a time issue in terms of looking at the periodic table, because let's have you tell me what are we looking for here?
希望刚才大家出问题的原因,是因为看周期表有时间限制，请大家告诉我,我们在这里找什么？
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And I don't actually know the periodic table entry for raisins. So I'll have to write it out.
我不知道葡萄干的周期表条目是什么,所以现在我要把它写出来。
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I thought, well, maybe we can now go to the Periodic Table and figure out what is going on there.
那么接下来，我们可以讲元素周期表了吧,让我们看一下在这儿我们又会遇到什么问题。
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You are allowed to use on the test the official version of the Periodic Table of the Elements which most of you should have by now.
在测试中你们可以使用,化学元素周期表的官方版本,你们应该大部分都有了吧。
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If you look on the Periodic Table this is 598 atomic hydrogen. And, sure enough, there is 13.598, which is this number here in electron volts.
如果你查找元素周期表上的氢原子,毫无疑问，它的电离能就是13。,这个数值也是电子伏的值。
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We'll then take a turn to talking about the periodic table, we'll look at a bunch of periodic trends, including ionization energy, electron affinity, electronegativity and atomic radius.
然后我们再开始讲元素周期表，我们会看到很多周期性规律，比如电离能，电子亲和能，电负性以及原子半径。
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And there's a lot we can explain by talking about what we see in the periodic table in terms of what different trends are in grouping different elements in different spots within the periodic table.
我们可以解释很多,通过讨论元素,周期表中的内容,按照各种不同的规律,将周期表中不同位置的元素分组归类。
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We can get this from the Periodic Table, so reported is Periodic Table.
我们能从元素周期表中得到这个，所以接下来要讲元素周期表。
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It is just down the hall from this lecture theater. And you bring the Periodic Table and the Table of Constants and a calculator and something to write with.
就在这件教室下面的大厅那,你们带上元素周期表和常数表,还有一个计算器和一些写的东西。
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See, if you know the Periodic Table then you know where elements are relative to one another.
如果你足够熟悉元素周期表,你可以知道,任何元素与另外元素的关系。
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So, if we look on the periodic table, comparing, for example, s to o, if we have s it's below o, what happens to ionization energy as we go down a table?
那么，如果我们看周期表上，比较，比如，硫和氧，硫在氧下面，当我们沿着表向下看的时候,电离能是怎么变化的？
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Depending on what kind of chemistry you go in to, you might accidentally memorize parts of the table, which is fine, but what you really want to know how to do is know how to use the periodic table.
取决于你今后从事哪个方向的化学研究，你可能会不经意地记住周期表的某一部分，这就够了，但是要注意,你真正需要知道的是如何使用元素周期表。
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So as we go down we're now adding electrons to further and further away shells, so what we're going to see is that the atomic radius is going to increase as we're going down the periodic table.
当我们向下走时,我们会将电子加在越来越远的壳层上，因此我们将看到原子半径,将随我们沿周期表向下走而增大。
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And what we've been talking about with all of these properties are, of course, how can we figure out what that is for a certain atom by looking at the periodic table, so we want to think about the periodic trend for atomic radius.
对于我们讲过的这些性质，我们所讨论的一直都是,当然是，我们如何能够判断某一个原子的这些性质,通过观察周期表，因此我们需要思考一下原子半径的周期性规律。
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So, here we have a picture of Dmitri Mendeleev, who is one of the scientists responsible for first compiling the periodic table.
这是一张德米特里？门捷列夫的画像，他是最早制作,元素周期表的科学家之一。
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We need to add something else in order to explain what is going on in the Periodic Table.
我们需要引其他一些东西进来才能解释清楚,元素周期表中发生的这种现象。
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So specifically, what we're asking here is as we go across the periodic table, we want to consider which has the smaller ionization energy.
具体地说，我们这里要问的是,从周期表来看，你认为,哪一个元素的电离能更低。
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5% And, it turns out that about 75% of the periodic table falls into this category.
而且，它表明元素周期表的,都属于这个种类。
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And in contrast, in the lower left hand part of the periodic table, these 2 quantities are low, so also what we're going to see is low electronegativity.
相反地，在周期表的左下部分，这两个量的值都很小，因此我们会看到这里的电负性也很低。
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So, that's actually the electron configuration we have when we're talking about copper and some other exceptions in the periodic table that you're going to be looking at.
因此，这才是铜原子真正的电子排布,而且我们在元素周期表中,会看到与铜原子类似的,其他例外的情况。
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We have a table of the elements with properties varying periodically with atomic mass, so we compress all of that information and refer to it as the Periodic Table.
我们有一个元素表，其中的元素的特性,随着原子质量的改变而引起周期性的变化，所以我们将所有的信息精简,将它变成一个周期表。
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We know that ionization energy is going to increase as we go across the periodic table, so that means carbon has a lower ionization energy than nitrogen which is right next to us.
我们知道电离能会随着周期表,向右而逐渐变大，因此碳的电离能比旁边的氮要低一些,那么就像我说的。
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And since carbon's electronegativity is higher than that of hydrogen, which you would expect from where carbon lies on the Periodic Table. Think about it.
碳的高于氢的,你也可以从碳在，元素周期表上的位置,判断出来，试想一下。
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So it turns out that we can really know a lot just by looking at the periodic table.
可见，我们只是看看元素周期表,就能知道很多信息。
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And we know as we go across a row in the periodic table, what's happening is that z effective or the effective pull on the nucleus is increasing.
而我们知道沿着周期表的某一行向右看，有效核电量,或者说原子核的有效引力是在逐渐增大的。
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Versus looking at, for example, helium or neon or argon, these are all inert gases, inert meaning essentially do not react, those were grouped together in the periodic table.
相反，他发现氦，氖，氩，都是惰性气体，惰性的意思是基本不参与化学反应，因此把它们放在周期表中的同一类里。
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