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And what we did was he put two detection plates on either side of these cathode rays, and when he put a voltage difference between these two plates, he wanted to see if he could actually bend the rays and test if they're actually charged or not.
但没有实验证明这件事,这就是Thomson所做的，它在阴极射线旁边放两块探测板,他想通过看当他,在两板之间加上电压后,阴极射线是不是会。
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So, when the voltage difference between the plates is zero, or when we just don't have the plates there at all, the cathode rays are not bent, they just go right in a straight line, and they can be detected on this screen.
拐弯来测试它们是否带电,当两板之间电压为零，或者根本就,没有这两个板时，阴极射线是一条直线,它可以在屏幕上。
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For, as Rutherford has shown the assumption of the existence of nuclei, as those in question seems to be necessary in order to account for the results of the experiments on large angle scattering of the alpha rays.
因此卢瑟福,提出了原子核存在的假设，这些关于问题的假设对于,解释阿尔法粒子的,大角度散射是有必要的。
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The "sacred rays of chastity" are going to be emanating from the chaste maiden and protecting her like some magical force-field, and actually will keep her safe from the physical assaults of a savage bandit or a mountaineer.
贞节发出的神圣光芒“将要,从这贞节的修女身上发出并像某种神奇的力量一样保护她，而事实上还会保护她，使她不受来自,野蛮土匪或是登山者的身体袭击。
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Funny story, I met him because at MIT they signed us all up for chest x-rays alphabetically-- that's the way MIT does things, an orderly way.
有趣的是,我在MIT遇到他是因为,我们按姓氏字母顺序,排队去照胸透,MIT做事总是用这种有条理的方式
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Because it came from optics, you know, rays of sunlight and so on And in fact, even when we first started pulling synthetic fiber, the first synthetic fiber cellulose was referred to as ray on, because it looked like a ray that was being pulled.
因为它源自光学，比如太阳光线等等,实际上，及时当我们首先开始抽出,人造纤维，第一根人造纤维的纤维素,叫做光线，因为那条在被抽出的纤维素,看起来像是一道光线。
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For the Elder Brother, Ebba's bodily purity should itself exude a sufficiently powerful strength that the terrible Danes would be repelled by the sacred rays of her chastity.
对于大哥哥来说，Ebba的身体纯洁应当散发出,一种有效的力量，用那种贞节散发出的神圣光芒,击退可怕的丹麦人。
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So, introduction, "in order to explain the results of experiments on scattering of alpha rays by matter, Professor Rutherford," and there is a footnote to the Rutherford model.
嗯，绪论，为了解释实验的结果,关于物质的alpha散射，卢瑟福说“,这儿有一个卢瑟福模型的脚注。
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So the way that we really make sure this is done is that we use x-rays.
我们保证能做到这一点的方法是,使用，X，射线。
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But for now let's simply say that we have a diffraction which we know occurs only by wave-like behavior and it involves the use of x-rays. Why x-rays?
但现在让我们来简单假设一下,我们知道,只波才发生衍射,而且衍射涉及了X光的使用，为什么是X光？
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There is no way that you could irradiate a crystal of nickel with a single beam of x-rays and get that circular ring pattern if the electron beam were behaving as a particle beam only.
没有什么其他的途径,可以让镍晶体发射,单束X光来,继而得到环状图案,如果电子束,是以粒子束形式出现的。
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If de Broglie is correct, let's irradiate the nickel crystal with a beam of electrons where the wavelength of the beam of electrons is identical to the wavelength of the x-rays that were used and see what we get.
如果德·布罗意是正确的，那么镍晶体放出,电子光束,电子束的波长,和原来讲过的X光的波长是相等的,再看看得到了什么。
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They took a crystal, this is a single crystal of nickel that has regular planes of atoms, and those planes are spaced on the order of an angstrom or less apart, and they irradiated this with x-rays.
他们取了个晶体,一个具有规则原子平面的，镍晶体,这些面间距差不多也是一埃或者更少，它们放射出X射线。
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