They often involve the generation of what are called 'second messenger' molecules which carry the signal further into the cell.

过程中通常会生成一种叫做,第二信使的分子,将信号更深入地传递至细胞内部

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

If we just thought about that second part of it, just the antibody generation, or the humoral what we called last time--last week, the humoral immune response, the immune response associated with humoral immune response of antibodies in the blood and in other fluids.

当我们仅考虑上述过程的第二步,也就是产生抗体的部分,或是我们上周学习的,体液免疫应答,这种免疫应答与,血液中以及其他体液中的抗体有关

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选