If you follow through from the independent theory, there's one of the basic relations in probability theory-- it's called the binomial distribution.

如果继续往下看,在概率论里有一个基本的概念,叫做二项分布

耶鲁公开课 - 金融市场课程节选

I wanted to talk about that with a little bit of reference to probability theory and so that's what I will be covering.

讲到这些内容的时候,会涉及一些概率论的知识,这些就是下一讲的内容

耶鲁公开课 - 金融市场课程节选

I think it was the invention of probability theory that really started it and that's why I think theory is very important in finance.

我认为是概率论的诞生,真正促生了保险业,那也是为什么,我认为理论对于金融来说非常重要

耶鲁公开课 - 金融市场课程节选

Ian Hacking, who wrote a history of probability theory, searched through world literature for any reference to a probability and could find none anywhere before 1600.

伊恩·哈金为概率论追根溯源,他查遍世界所有关于概率的文献,发现无法追溯到十七世纪以前

耶鲁公开课 - 金融市场课程节选

It really is probability theory and the idea of spreading risk through risk pooling.

就是概率论,以及通过风险汇聚来分摊风险

耶鲁公开课 - 金融市场课程节选

One of the first principles of probability theory is called the multiplication rule.

概率论的最基本的原则,有一条叫乘法原理

耶鲁公开课 - 金融市场课程节选

In the second lecture, I talked about the pooling of risks and the basic theme of that lecture was that we now have a mathematical theory, probability theory.

第二课，我讲了风险汇聚及分摊,那节课的主题是,一门数学理论，即概率论。

耶鲁公开课 - 金融市场课程节选

The real insurance industry, as I mentioned before, began in the 1600s with the invention of probability theory and with the invention of life tables for-- the invention of actuarial science; but, it grew slowly.

正如我刚才所提到的,真正的保险始于17世纪,这得益于概率论,寿命表以及,精算学的产生,但是,它的发展很缓慢

耶鲁公开课 - 金融市场课程节选