So, if you're looking back, say, from the end of the nineteenth century, it's not easy to see, but you can see these-- don't ever think that history runs on railroad tracks, and all you need is the timetable to show when modernization shows up.

所以,当你回顾历史,从十九世纪的末尾开始,虽然不太容易,但还是可以看出...,别以为历史是在固定轨道上行进的,别以为你只用拿时刻表,就知道新时代什么时候来临

耶鲁公开课 - 欧洲文明课程节选