In other words, it was written directly in the aftermath of a bombshell published by Leon Trotsky called Literature and Revolution in 1926.

也就是说，它是针对,1926年列夫托洛斯基发表的引起轰动的,文学与革命，而写的。

耶鲁公开课 - 文学理论导论课程节选

Trotsky is not simple-minded in his literary taste, and he doesn't just sort of spontaneously insist that everybody has to write socialist realism.

列夫，托洛斯基的文学品味并不单一，他也不要求每人都必须,按以社会主义现实主义写作。

耶鲁公开课 - 文学理论导论课程节选

Trotsky's Literature and Revolution is a brilliant book, an attack on many things and a defense of certain other things, but in particular and very painfully an attack on the formalists.

列夫，托洛斯基的文学与革命非常精彩，它攻击了许多当时的理论，同时也维护了一些，但是它特别猛烈地攻击了形式主义者。

耶鲁公开课 - 文学理论导论课程节选

In the meantime, Trotsky's book is a shot fired across the bow of those forms of "aestheticism"--quote, unquote -which can be understood as self-involved, self-preoccupied, and indifferent to history and class struggle.

同时，托洛斯基的攻击唯美主义,他这样评价，它,唯美主义可以被理解为一种纯粹的自我欣赏，漠视历史和阶级斗争。

耶鲁公开课 - 文学理论导论课程节选

Nevertheless, Trotsky's book is a provocation.

但是托洛斯基的书是一个挑衅。

耶鲁公开课 - 文学理论导论课程节选

It's a challenge, and Eikhenbaum's essay that you read for today is in part--to a degree that it can't really come out and talk about, or doesn't want to come out and talk about it a response to Trotsky's book.

而艾肯鲍姆在论文中,却并没有回应托洛斯基的书，艾肯鲍姆并不想回应,不愿站出来回答。

耶鲁公开课 - 文学理论导论课程节选

That's why I gave you the extraordinary passage on your sheet, the end of Tynjanov's "On Literary Evolution," written also 1927, written also, in other words, in response to Trotsky's Literature and Revolution.

这就是为什么我给你们了这篇精彩的文章阅读，1927年蒂尼亚诺夫在，文学进化，中写道，这也是，他对托洛斯基，文学与革命，的回应。

耶鲁公开课 - 文学理论导论课程节选