He says, "I dispute the pretensions of any theory which sets up an imaginary standard of justice not grounded on utility."
他说,我反对任何理论,不以功利为基础,虚构公正标准“
On the other hand, these claims about the utility of unconsciousness, I think, are provocative and interesting.
另一方面,这些关于无意识功能的主张,是很具有煽动性很有趣的。
Bentham tells us happiness, or more precisely, utility maximizing utility as a principle not only for individuals but also for communities and for legislators.
边沁说,应最大化幸福,或更精确来说,最大化功利,功利最大化原则,不只针对个人,也适用于共同体及立法者。
This, I think you've gotten from other economics courses-- we have something called diminishing marginal utility.
我认为你们已经从其它的经济学课程中学过了,称为边际收益递减
And by the exercise of entire sovereignty in protecting the public teaching of it, convert this truth of speculation " into the utility of practice."
藉由在整个统治区域,保护传授者的实践,将这对真理的思索,转换为实用与实践“
If you will buy stock in an electrical utility which has a guaranteed revenue stream, because no matter how bad the economy gets, a lot of people still use electricity, you don't expect it to fluctuate a lot.
如果你在有着,保障性年收入的电气供应股票投资,因为不管经济变得怎么查,人们还得用电,它不会降多少。
Again, what's the utility of the Born-Haber Cycle?
波恩哈伯循环的作用是什么?
What we have now is a pretty good utility.
我们现有的优势是功能实用。
And if that's the reason, where do those rights come from if not from some idea of the larger welfare or utility or happiness?
如果是那个原因,那这些权利又是从何而来的呢,既然不是为了更大的福利,或曰功利,幸福?
So there may be certain rights that the minority members have that the individual has that shouldn't be traded off for the sake of utility?
所以可能少数人,或个体的某些权利,不该为了功利最大化而被牺牲?
What finance theory is based on-- and much of economics is based on-- the idea that people want to maximize the expected utility of their wealth.
金融学理论建立在,并且很多经济学的都是建立在,人们希望能使自己对,财富的期望效用最大化这一基础上
Bentham says we have to consider the welfare, the utility, the happiness of everybody.
边沁说我们必须得考虑,大众的福祉,功利,大家的幸福。
He doesn't make the claim about the general utility of freedom or unlimited speech.
他并未主张自由的,一般实用或是无限言论;
He makes it clear that utility is the only standard of morality, in his view, so he's not challenging Bentham's premise. He's affirming it.
明确指出功利是道德的唯一标准,在他看来,他并没有质疑边沁的前提,而是肯定此观点。
And in this way you can increase the utility and ease of training.
应用代币法,你可以提高效率,降低训练难度。
And what it involves is placing a value, usually a dollar value, to stand for utility on the costs and the benefits of various proposals.
其做法包括,作出估价,通常是估计出金额,来代表功利,即分别列出成本,和各项收益的金额。
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