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So, that's another example of the difference between a vaccine that works, and a vaccination that works, right?
所以,这个例子讲的是研发疫苗和,研究疫苗接种的不同之处,对吗
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So, there's been an active effort to reestablish the process of smallpox vaccination in case that's needed.
为了以防万一,现在正积极重建,能够制造天花疫苗的工艺进程
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A vaccination, for it to work around the world, has to be inexpensive, transportable, possible to use without advanced medical personnel, and those kinds of things.
而疫苗接种,为了能适用于全世界,它必须便宜,便于运输,还要能在没有高级医生的情况下使用,它应该具有诸如此类的特点
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In fact, there's evidence that even thousands of years ago, Indian and Chinese healers were using a form of something that we would recognize as vaccination.
事实上,有证据表明在几千年前,印度和中国的医生就在使用一种,类似于疫苗的东西
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And I've already given you some clues about this, in that this process of vaccination that Jenner had developed was intentionally injecting into healthy patients, a microorganism.
我刚刚已经向你们提示了一些,在詹纳发明的接种过程里,故意把微生物注射到健康病人身上
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Vaccination from cows, and that's where the first vaccine came from.
从牛身上获取牛痘疫苗,这是疫苗首次亮相
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So, that was the start of the modern practice of vaccination.
而这就是现代疫苗接种实践的开端
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I was born before 1970, I got a smallpox vaccination.
我出生在一九七零年之前,我接种过天花疫苗
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So, 'vaccination', the word vaccination, comes from this event.
所以,种痘这个词,就出典于此
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So, that's what a vaccine is, and vaccination is the process of taking that vaccine that you've developed and giving it to people, either individual people or groups of people, or as we'll talk about today, people all over the world.
这就是疫苗,接种疫苗的过程就是生产疫苗,并把它分发给大众,不论是给个人还是给群体,或者就像我们今天所说的,给全世界的人民
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