And so in the 1940s, a group of people led by Collier started to develop a large scale production method for making a reliable source of vaccinia virus.

在二十世纪四十年代,科利尔带领一群人开始研究,一种大规模的生产方法,这种方法能制得牛痘病毒的可靠来源

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

We know now that it's caused by a related virus, called vaccinia, remember the virus that causes smallpox is called variola.

我们现在知道这病由一种相关的病毒引起,这种病毒叫牛痘病毒,想想天花病毒也被叫做牛痘病毒

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

So, how could you produce--the question is, how could you produce large quantities of this- of this microorganism, this virus vaccinia under controlled conditions?

问题是该怎么进行生产,你怎么大批量生产这种微生物,即在可控条件下生产牛痘病毒

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选