So, that was a naturally occurring attenuated virus that could be produced into a vaccine that didn't cause the disease.

因为天花病毒存在天然的衰减病毒,这种衰减病毒可以用来,直接生产不致病的疫苗

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But unlike the Cowpox virus, vaccinea, that we talked about before, this is the real disease causing agent.

但是同我们之前曾讨论过的,牛痘病毒疫苗的不同之处在于,这是可以直接致病的病毒

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It's reproduction of the virus and passage of that virus onto new cells which causes the problems with disease that we associate.

病毒一旦繁殖并进入新细胞,就会带来相关病症的危害

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So, you couldn't introduce the live virus in because that would cause the disease not just immunity.

所以 不可以直接接种活体病毒,因为这会使人致病而不仅是引起免疫应答

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A group of scientists, mainly in Boston found, importantly, that they could cultivate the polio virus, the disease causing polio virus; they could cultivate it in cell culture.

在波士顿有一队科学家有了重大发现,他们可以培养脊髓灰质炎病毒,也是就引发小儿麻痹症的病毒,他们可以通过细胞培养来孵育这种病毒

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And they did that by intentionally infecting calves, by harvesting their skin when they were at a certain point of the disease, and by isolating the virus from the skin of the calves.

他们有意感染很多小牛,当小牛疾病发展到一定程度,就收割牛皮,然后把病毒从牛皮里分离出来

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