What is work and leisure now in a society where you don't have to produce everything for yourself?
在这个社会你不用为自己生产一切,工作和闲暇又意味着什么呢
where you don't have any sort of expectations that you have to worry about from others.
你无需担心别人对你抱有过高的期待。
Or in another example, let us look at how we can use the "How can I" pattern in a way where you don't want to answer.
在另一种情况中,我们来看看如何使用“How can I”的第二种意思,即不需要回答的情况。
There's sugar in a lot of foods where you don't expect it.
糖类存在于很多你意想不到的食物中
I don't know where any one of them is, but I can tell you on average where any one of them is likely to be.
我不知道它们中单独的个体在哪,但我可以大体告诉你,它们其中一个将是会怎样。
Well, that matters to us, but the trouble is, without predictability you don't know where to put the peak.
那对我们很重要,但问题是,没可预见性你就不知道巅峰放在哪点。
where you don't necessarily know where your, what your outcome's going to be,
你不知道结果会是什么,
You don't have to be very smart to figure out where one word begins and one word ends.
你并不需要非常聪明才能够确定,哪里是单词的开始和结束
But in many regards, it is a matter of space, a matter of supplies, a matter of security where issues come out which don't really matter whether you believe in religion or not.
但是就各种方面来说,是关乎空间,关乎资源供应,关乎安全,这些问题并不一定和你,是否有宗教信仰有关。
If you disagree with it, you don't have to live in that society where that operates.
如果你不同意,那你大可不必住在如此运行的社会。
You cannot say, "I never heard of it. I don't know where it came from."
你就不能再说,"我从没听说过,我不知道它是怎么来的"
The thing about corporate America--few people that go to college, like where you are now, and most people in America don't realize how poorly most of our companies are run in this country, with many exceptions.
美国企业的问题是--没有什么人,上过大学,没人去过像你们现在所在的地方,很多在美国的人怀揣着对美国企业的希望,并没有意识到大多数我们的企业,经营的有多糟糕。
Partly because I think it's a good exercise, but also I don't want this class to be a class where you sit there, with your cup of Willoughby's coffee if needed to keep awake, and you watch me solve models because that's not how you learn.
一方面是由于我认为这是个好的锻炼机会,此外,我也不希望这个课程,变成你们坐在这,用威洛比咖啡来保持清醒,一边看我解决问题,因为你们不应那样学习
You are lost. You're in a new city and you're lost and you don't know where you're going.
你迷路了。你刚到一个城市,没法找到方向。你不知道你该怎么走。
I don't know where you would keep them.
我想不明白你要把它们放在哪儿。
And if you haven't yourself dived into your own problem set zero, whose PDFs are available online, realize that if something like this, given that it's a minute or so long, kind of looks you know, despite the cutesiness of it, kind of overwhelming in that you don't really know where to begin, how could you possibly sketch out this whole story line.
如果你还没有真正沉下心来,看习题集0,网上可以提供这些PDF文件,好好地感受一下像这样的东西,假定只有一分钟左右这么长,先不管它外表看起来是否可爱,也不管它让人无从下手的压迫感,你怎样才能勾勒出,整个故事最初的框架呢?
Another situation where you would use the "you have to" pattern is when you express what you don't have to do.
另一种使用“you have to”句型的情况是要表达那些不需要做的事情。
So here I've written for the hydrogen atom that deceptively simple form of the Schrodinger equation, where we don't actually write out the Hamiltonian operator, but you remember that's a series of second derivatives, so we have a differential equation that were actually dealing with.
这里我写出了,氢原子薛定谔方程的,最简单形式,这里我们实际上,没有写出哈密顿算符,但是请记住那你有,一系列的二次导数,所有我们实际上会处理一个微分方程。
to rise and to say anything was a violation of the culture, and that's one of the places where you see where this sharp line exists. They just take orders, but the gentlemen don't just take orders.
起身反抗和发表见解是有违当时的文化的,从这一点可以看出当时社会,森严的等级界限,普通人只能服从指挥,但是有地位的人不仅接受命令
That leaves us with the possibility that there could be cases where you die and you don't survive.
我们就有了这样的可能,即便人死亡,无法存活。
What makes this enterprise difficult but also riveting is that moral and political philosophy is a story and you don't know where the story will lead.
这一过程会充满挑战又引人入胜,因为道德与政治哲学就好比一个故事,你不知道故事将会如何发展。
I'm not going to get into in too much detail because we don't have the time, there are other places where you can read about it if you're interested, but I'll just give you a little information on this.
我不会讲太多的细节,时间不太够,如果你们感兴趣,很多资源可供参考,我会给你们点提示
The study of what you don't need your brain to do has often drawn upon this weird methodology where— This was actually done in France a lot where they would decapitate people and when— After they decapitated people, psychologists would rush to the body of the headless person and sort of just test out reflexes and stuff like that.
对那些无需大脑参与行为的研究,经常会用到一种古怪的研究方法,实际上这种研究曾在法国出现过多次,因为在法国,犯人会遭到斩首,当犯人遭到斩首后,心理学家们会冲到无头躯体那里,检验躯体的反射行为,以及一些其他的行为
There are different activities you can do where if you're good enough at them, if you're expert enough at them, you don't know you're doing them.
有很多不同的事情,如果你很擅长这些活动,你对这些活动非常在行,那么你是不会意识到你正在做这些事情的。
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