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Literary analysis that is sensitive to the larger contours of the account will reveal the artistic hand of the final editor.
通常经过文学分析，会发现,最终版本都经过艺术加工。
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Yeah. Meatpacking District, for me, the idea of meatpacking was like a meat market.
是的。肉品市场区，对我来说，肉品加工就像一个肉类市场。
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And the answer is, unlike many, unlike commercially generated computers, the brain works through parallel processing, massively parallel distributed processing.
问题的答案是这样的,与出于商业目的而制造的计算机不同,大脑采用并行加工的方式处理信息,采用广泛分布的并行加工
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A lot of these processed foods have very long shelf lives and therefore can be stored for long periods of time.
很多加工食品为了便于储藏销售,都有很长的保质期
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They drew upon these sources but they blended and shaped them in a particular way.
他们源于那些原有的故事,又以特定的方式来加工塑造它们。
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This was eventually taken out, and actually just for your interest, there was no overlap between the time when cocaine was in Coca Cola and lithium was in 7-Up, so there was a few years difference between those two times, but it's amazing to think about what does go into processed foods.
锂最终被去掉了，如果你感兴趣的话，可口可乐中含有可卡因,与七喜中含锂的时代,并没有交集，它们之间还差了几年，但是想一想加工食品里,会加入什么东西还是很令人吃惊的。
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The brain perceives all of this complex information and it processes it and it extrapolates from it the beat, but again nobody in music-- except the bass drum player in a marching band-- nobody in music ever does anything except just play the beat.
我们的大脑感知了所有复杂的信息加工后,推算出了拍子,不过没有人,除了军乐队的低音鼓手,没有人在音乐里仅仅只是打鼓点
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We're going to talk more about this as we go through some specific examples of where RNA processing is important.
我们以后会讲到一些,特定的例子,进一步说明为什么RNA的加工如此重要
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The brain does processing and then ship onto the motor output stages.
大脑进行加工,然后进入运动输出阶段。
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Now, phonological understanding illustrates all sorts of aspects of language processing and, in fact, of consciousness.
语音理解实际上说明了,语言加工和意识的各个方面
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Portion sizes, and we'll devote a class to this later on, have gone way up and that's a big problem, the amount of processing I mentioned.
食物份量直线上升,这是个问题,我们将专门用一堂课讲这个,即刚才提到的食品加工程度的问题
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And this is extremely useful when it comes to filling in gaps in sounds.
当需要在声音中填入间隔时,自上而下加工是非常有效的
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Sometimes there are completely new emphases and the story can come out to be a very, very different story. 1 and 2 Chronicles are a retelling and a reworking of much of the material from Genesis through 2 Kings, and it cleans up a lot of the embarrassing moments.
复述的故事会有全新的侧重点，可能和原来的故事之间,存在很大的差别，《历代志》上下就是,对从《创世记》到两部《列王纪》中大量材料的复述和,再加工，它清除了很多令人窘迫的故事。
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Okay, so there was some irony built into it because the program itself was weighted so heavily toward processed packaged foods and eating out.
好的,所以这个项目的讽刺之处在于,项目本身侧重于加工好的,精包装的食品以及餐馆里的食品
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So, top-down processing affects how we hear things, usually, almost always, for the better.
所以,自上而下加工几乎总是,会往好的方向影响我们的理解
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So this diet, although it's processed by a company and sold for people doing animal studies, it more or less mimics what these animals might be eating under natural conditions.
尽管这些食物经过商业加工,并用于动物科学研究,但会尽可能的模拟,实验动物在自然环境下的饮食
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Now, this top-down...this is known as "Top-down" Processing.
这就是"自上而下"的加工
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That is, how many hamburgers do we think are being eaten and that's the food disappearing; how much of the foods are being consumed in processed products and the like, so that's a pretty gross estimate as well.
比如说,多少个汉堡包被吃了,那就是食物消费,有多少食品被,以加工好的成品等形式消费,所以其中估计的成分也很多
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So from that point of view it's probably good, but from the point of view of wanting to eat more foods that you prepare yourself and not eat process, and package, and things like that it may not be so good.
就这一点看来还是很不错的,而对于想多吃一些自己做的食物,而不吃加工好的精包装食品那类食物的人,评估就没这么容易了
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They want to know where it comes from, who grew it in some cases, how many miles it got transported, what was put on the food as it was being produced, what was given to the animals or injected into them as the beef was coming out, or the pork, or the chicken and these will be very interesting topics to discuss.
人们希望知道食物从何而来,由谁种植的,从多远的地方运过来,在加工过程中,在食物中添加了什么,人们看到牛肉,猪肉或鸡肉时,会想知道这些动物,都被注射了什么,这些话题讨论起来都会很有意思
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Then of course there's the sugar you see in all the processed foods that you might think of.
当然你可能想到所有加工食品中也都含糖
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Top-down processing is an example of when you know what something is you hear it that way.
举例来说,自上而下加工就是,当你知道某句话是什么的时候,你便会按照这句话去听
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To make insulin, for example, your cells of your pancreas have to be transcribing that gene, it has to be processed, has to be translated into the protein insulin.
举例来说,如果要合成胰岛素,你的胰腺细胞必须先转录那一段基因,然后进行加工,继而翻译成为胰岛素蛋白
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People said the dairy industry and the meat industry were especially effective at lobbying and that gave you a skewed version of what to eat.
人们认为乳品加工业和肉类加工业,做了很多游说工作,并最终给了人们一个饮食建议的扭曲版本
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And in fact, this is a theme we're going to return to next class when we talk about vision because the same thing is going to happen there.
实际上,我们下节课讲视觉的时候,还会再来讲讲这个主题,因为自上而下加工也会出现在视觉活动中
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The fiber intake is affected not only by what particular foods people pick but how much processing is done of the foods they have, where some of the fiber in foods is specifically processed out.
纤维素的摄入量,不仅取决于人们选择的食物,而且还要看食物的加工过程,有些纤维素在食物在加工过程中流失了
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Here's an example of using a large animal by inserting the gene that you're interested in, you can make this animal into a factory for the kind of protein that you would like to make.
这就是一个通过植入你所感兴趣的,基因来利用大型动物的例子,你同样能把这些动物变为,你所需要的目标蛋白的加工厂
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Another is how much it's processed and how if you take things that started out as food like wheat or corn, and then they're processed many different ways, and things are added to them or done to them that change their chemical properties, does that affect whether we would consider them food?
另一个是它们被加工过程和程度,比如对于用来食用的麦子和玉米,有很多种加工方式,可以向它们添加一些东西,或进行一些加工去改变它们的化学性质,这会影响我们去判断它们是否为食品吗
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What we'll--later in the course we'll talk about how much of your body has been influenced by corn; how much of your diet is influenced by corn; how many products you touch in a given day have been derived in some way from corn.
我们会在以后的课堂上讲到,玉米对你身体有多少影响,玉米对你的日常饮食又有多少影响,一天之内你接触到的产品,有多少是由玉米加工而来的
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It requires RNA processing to happen smoothly, so if you can interfere with RNA processing you can stop a gene from being expressed.
转录需要RNA的顺利加工,因此如果你能干扰RNA加工过程,你就能阻止一段基因的表达
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