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It turns out everything around us moves energy around in one way or the other If you're a biological system, you're burning calories, burning ATP.
我们周围的一切物质,都以这样那样的方式传递着能量,如果你是一个生物系统，你会燃烧卡路里，燃烧。
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One is that 2,000 calories is the average for the typical person, but, of course, people have greatly differing calorie needs.
一是2000卡路里是常人所需的平均值,当然,人们需要的热量是大大不同的
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We'll talk specifically about how many calories people are consuming in liquid form which has gone way, way up.
我们将具体谈论人们从饮料中,摄取的卡路里量,这个数字直线上升
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And if you think about the percentage of a day's calories these things are the numbers are really pretty high.
如果考虑每日卡路里百分比的话,数据将会非常地高
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So how many calories, and how much fat, how many grams of fat would you say are in the following foods?
你们认为以下食物中,有多少卡路里,多少克脂肪
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Now let's take this information and put it in the context of what a day's fat and calorie intake might be like.
现在让我们把刚才的知识运用到实际中,我们一天脂肪和卡路里摄入量是多少
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So if you were wanting a pretty precise number on how many calories are in a food, you'd send it to a lab.
所以如果想要一个精确的,食物所含卡路里的数值,就把食物送到实验室
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As a consequence, and of course there's stuff on them and in them that changes the calories.
当然里面还夹了别的配料,使得卡路里更高
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How many grams of fat would you have-- would you say this has and how many calories?
你们认为这种食物有多少克脂肪,含多少卡路里
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Okay, so once you reach 2 000 calories you don't want to put anything else in.
好的,所以你一旦摄入了2000卡路里,教授在上节课曾提到2000卡路里是正常成年人平均一天的卡路里需求量 你就不会再想吃别的东西了
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You ignite the food and burn it, and you see how many degrees centigrade the water gets raised, and that's the measure of calories.
点燃食物使其燃烧,然后观察水的温度上升了多少,就测量了这种食物的卡路里
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And when you start jamming sugar and fat into things, the calories add up really fast.
而且当人们向食品中添加糖和脂肪时,卡路里含量猛增
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And what they found was they underestimated by 200-600 calories, the calories in these foods.
结果,营养学家们把这些食物的卡路里,低估了200到600卡
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So it's the amount of energy, usable energy for the body that a food provides.
所以卡路里是能量的总额,食物所提供的被人体吸收的能量
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We'll talk about what a calorie is and what it means and how it's measured.
我们还要讲什么是卡路里,其意义所在,以及评估方法
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You guys use computers, I used the typewriter when I started college, so I was burning more calories creating a paper than you guys have too.
你们用电脑,而我上大学时候用的是打字机,所以我写一篇论文,消耗的卡路里要比你们多
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If we look at our different foods and we look at the calories and the fat and how it all stacks up, here's what you get.
让我们看看刚才提到的食物,看看卡路里和脂肪,数据累积相加,这是得到的结果
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But what this study found was people were asked to estimate how much food they were consuming and how many calories they were burning through physical activity.
但是这个研究发现,当人们被要求估测,他们吃了多少食物,通过体育运动消耗多少卡路里时
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That the average--- the people were reporting consuming eleven, 1200 calories or something, but when their food intake was actually measured it was over 2 000 calories.
实验对象汇报的,卡路里是1100或者1200卡,但他们实际食物摄入量,超过了2000卡
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Both have calories and energy, but they're of course much different from one another and how they affect people and what they do for a person's health.
都含卡路里和能量,但显然两者差异很大,它们对人们身体健康的影响是不同的
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Your body interprets liquid calories different than it does calories in solid food.
你身体以不同的态度,对待饮料和固体食品中的卡路里
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If we look at two different foods here, broccoli and the brownie on the right, they're of course much different in calories but they're different in other ways.
让我们看看两种不同的食物,左边花椰菜,右边布朗尼蛋糕,它们除了卡路里含量不同,还有其他差别
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In this particular study, we took thirty people who enter in a weight loss clinic and we had them estimate the calories in these sort of common foods.
在这个实验中,三十人进入了一家减肥专科门诊,让他们估计一些普通食物中的卡路里
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Now thrifty metabolism means you make very good use of your calories.
现在,节俭代谢是指你充分利用卡路里
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You must be pretty good at estimating calories if that--you ask that.
你这样问了,说明你很擅长估计卡路里
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And then the investigators actually measured these things, and found that with reported and actual energy intake, how many calories people were consuming, there was really quite a difference.
研究人员实际上得到了以下结果,实验对象汇报的和实际的能量摄入,也就是人们摄入的卡路里,两者有较大差异
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Okay, different calorie amounts listed for the same types of foods.
不同卡路里含量的食品列入了同一类型
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How many of you were pretty consistent in underestimating the calories?
你们中多少人一直在低估卡路里
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Were you surprised by how many calories were in some foods?
你会因为某些食物的卡路里含量而惊讶吗
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All right, how many calories and how many grams of fat?
多少卡路里和多少克脂肪呢
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