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One of his propagandists said this about him: "The pristine form of the Republic was recalled as of old."
他的一位传道者这么描述他：,“共和制的纯净形式已经恢复，如同旧时“
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they could be Trinidad and Tobago, they could be, you know, you name it.
它们可以叫特立尼达和多巴哥共和国，它们可以是……随你怎么叫它们。
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There was in the late 1860s a revival of republican and socialist organization, and of anarchist disorganization, if you will.
在十九世纪六十年代晚期,共和主义及社会主义组织,还有无政府主义组织有所复兴,如果你们愿意这么认为的话
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If when someday a republican is elected to the White House and the president says Josh, pick. What would you like to do?
如果将来一位共和党人当选,入主白宫，然后总统对你说,约书亚，任选一个职位，你会选什么？
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Machiavelli rejected this idea of the empire and harked back, instead, to the model of republican Rome.
马奇亚维利拒绝这种,帝国的想法并回到先前论点，相对地，他回提罗马共和的模式。
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Recently, in the Czech Republic, there was a proposal to increase the excise tax on smoking.
最近，捷克共和国，有一个增加香烟消费税的提案。
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That line had clearly been crossed and helps explain why it was that in a country in which there weren't ten people who wanted a republic in 1789.
绝对主义和专制主义的区别已经不存在,这解释了为何在这个国家,1789年时只有不到十人想建立共和制
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What the kind of regime that emerges along side the polis, is an aristocratic republic in which the noblemen have influence and power within the community by tradition and they are plural.
和城邦一同出现的政权制度,是一个贵族化的共和政体,贵族在城邦中依靠传统赋予他们的地位,发挥影响,拥有权力,他们的人数不止一个
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And they were republicans, small r, too.
他们是共和党人
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I am a right-wing Republican, and I like the fact that Obama has put into the White House Larry Summers, who's a ferociously smart human being and will try to do the right thing even if it offends some people.
我是一名右翼共和党人，我很高兴地看到,奥巴马任用了拉里，萨默斯,他是一个天才,他会努力去做正确的事情,而不怕得罪某些人。
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The Roman Senate, in the late part of the Republic-- yes--started dividing itself into two sort of parties; not official parties, but factions.
罗马元老院，共和国晚期。。。,分裂为两个派;,不是正规党派，只是小派系。
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And a guy named--a Republican named John Boehner won this position in quite a heated battle.
共和党一个叫约翰的家伙,在白热化的争斗中赢得了席位。
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Or today, if you look at both primaries going on now, you're seeing various candidates on both the Republican side and the Democratic side, seek to position themselves.
再或者说现今的党内初选时,你会发现不同风格的候选人,无论他们是民主党的还是共和党,都在寻找适合自己的政治立场
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Now in the middle years of the seventeenth century during the English revolution that saw the execution of the king and saw the establishment of a non-monarchic republican government, Milton had practically invented the formal language, the literary language, of insubordination.
7世纪中期,英国革命期间，国王被处决,一个非君主制的共和国政府建立了起来，弥尔顿实际上创造出了一套正式词汇，一套用来表述“反抗“的文学词汇。
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And there is much in his writing that recalls the sort of extraordinary virtues and capacities of the citizens of the ancient republican city-state.
他的著作当中有许多响应,特别是美德,以及公民地位的论点,那是属于古代城邦共和所独有。
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And Machiavelli spent a good deal of his adult life in the service of the republic.
而马奇亚维利的成年时光,有一大部份花在这个共和国的公职上。
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It would be armed and expansive. Machiavelli's republic feeds on conflict, on war and conquest.
它将是尚武的充满扩张性的，马基雅维利的,共和国依赖冲突，战争和征服。
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That is to say it is a kind of aristocracy or an aristocratic republic.
也就是说,那是一种贵族政体,一种贵族共和。
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Having distinguished two, and only two, kinds of regimes, republics and principalities, as the only ones worth mentioning, he goes on to distinguish two kinds of principalities.
区别出两种，且仅就两种政体，共和与君权，仅这两种值得提及，他继续区分出,两种君权。
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All states, all dominions that have held and do hold empire over man " are either republics or principalities," he says in the opening sentence of chapter 1.
所有国家，所有领地,只要是曾或正让君权凌驾人民之上,要不是共和就是君权“,他在第一章的开头即如是说到。
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But you might say just as Machiavelli broke with the dominant model of Christian universalism, so too did he reject the ancient model of the small, autonomous republican state.
但各位也可读到,当马奇亚维利打破,处于优势之基督普遍主义模式的同时，他也拒绝了,古代模式的，小型自治共和国。
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I want to talk about this regime a little bit now what Aristotle understands to be the requirements or the fulfillments the necessities of this aristocratic republic.
我现在要来谈谈这种政体,在亚里士多德的理解下,什么是这种贵族共和的必备条件,其实现与必要性。
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So this was a highly charged political environment. Far more volatile than for example the kind of partisan quarrels we see today in our republic I hope.
所以那是十分紧张的政治环境,比我们当今所见的,共和政党争论,更加反复无常，希望如此。
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The Greek city states called polis were republics.
古希腊称其共和国为,城邦
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This was, again, the thesis of the classical republicans according to which we are only fully human, or we only become fully human, when we are engaged in political life, in ruling ourselves by laws of our own making.
这再一次印证了典型共和派的的宗旨,根据于我们是完全的人，我们要变成完全的人，当我们被牵扯到政治生活中，我们用我们自己制造的法律来统治自己。
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The Athenians and the Romans," he says, "were free, that is they were free commonwealths, not that any particular man had the liberty to resist his own representative but that his representative had the liberty to resist or invade other people."
霍布斯说，希腊人和罗马人都是自由的，因为他们身在自由的共和国里，他们单独的个体,是没有自由反抗他所选的代表的,但他所选的代表,却有抵抗或是入侵他人的自由“
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He called the North a, quote, "Happy state of mediocrity, a hardy race of free, independent republicans."
他说北方是,"快乐的平庸之地,这里住着一群自由独立的共和主义者"
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And,so,France lurched into a period called The Moral Order, the Republic of the Moral Order.
所以,法国蹒跚进入了"道德秩序"的时代,道德秩序共和国
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For Hobbes, Aristotle taught the dangerous doctrine of republican government that was seen to be practiced particularly during the Cromwellian Period in England, during the civil war.
对贺伯斯而言，亚里士多德教授,共和政府的危险教义,而那被视为,是英国克伦威尔时期所盛行，当时仍在英国内战时期。
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He was trying to make the conservative free market position more palatable for voters as a whole, and this is the one thing which he did so.
他试图,让共和党的自由市场理念,更加容易被选民们接受，让民众买得起房就是他的做法之一。
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