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That matrix has properties that vary in different locations in the body, but basically it's a highly hydrated or water-rich gel.
这种基质的性质,随其所在身体部位的不同而不同,但基本是高度水合的,即富含水的凝胶
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We'll talk about exactly what a gel is later when we talk about biomechanics and cells are suspended within it.
之后当我们谈到生物力学的时候,会具体讲讲这个凝胶是什么,以及细胞是怎样悬浮在其中的
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They're going to move from a negative pole to a positive pole, so they're going to move through this gel.
它们会从负极移向正极,会通过这块凝胶板
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The extracellular matrix or the collagen gel gives the tissue integrity, and in part, determines its mechanical properties.
细胞外基质或者说胶原蛋白凝胶,使组织成为一个整体,在某种程度上,决定了组织的机械性能
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If I can run the gel for some period of time, run the electrical field, spread it out.
我将凝胶通电一段时间后,在电场作用下,就会分散开来
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Well the way to find it is by using a process called electrophoresis and Southern blotting.
找到二者差异的方法称作电泳和,琼脂糖凝胶电泳印迹
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You load them into the top of a gel and a gel is - in this case it's synthetic polymer gel but it looks very much like Jell-O.
你把它安置在一段凝胶上,凝胶是--,这种合成凝胶聚合物看上去很像吉露果冻
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Because it's a gel electricity is going to move through the gel because there are ions in it the same way - for the same reason you don't drop an electrical device into the bathtub because charge moves through water that has ions in it.
由于凝胶中存在离子,电流会通过凝胶,同样--,因为同样的原因你不会把电器扔进浴缸里,因为水里也有离子,所以水可以导电
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If this was a sickle patient, so they had this gene instead it wouldn't get cut and when I went to look for that presence of that gene on this gel, it would appear as one large segment instead of a large one and a smaller one.
而如果是个镰状红细胞贫血的病人,他们的基因是不会被限制酶切割的,因此他们基因的凝胶电泳结果就不会呈现,一大一小的结果,而只有一个大的片段
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Charge is going to move through this gel and DNA is charged.
电流会通过凝胶而DNA是带有电荷的
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So the DNA is going to get spread out on this gel according to size, with the small ones going farther and the large ones not going as far.
因此DNA会根据大小,在凝胶上分散开,小的片段会快一些,大的片段不那么快
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Now if I can stain in some way, if I can somehow label the DNA fragments that I'm interested in, I could find out where those fragments are on this gel.
那如果我有某种染色的方法,对我感兴趣的DNA片段进行标记,我就能知道这些片段在凝胶板上的位置
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I'm sure some of you have dealt with electrophoresis gels in the past and it's really just a slab of something like Jell-O where you can put a sample at one end of the Jell-O, your sample of fragmented DNA.
我相信在座肯定有些已经接触过电泳凝胶,真的挺像一块板状果冻的,你可以把一段样本放在"果冻"的一端,你的DNA片段样本
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We're going to take a chromosomal DNA, we're going to digest it with this restriction enzyme, we're going to put it in this tube and run it on a gel, and we're going to see what results down here.
我们取一条染色体DNA,然后用限制酶进行分解,接着再放,在凝胶上进行电泳,之后看看结果如何
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