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When people study stereotypes they often make certain distinctions between three levels of stereotypes and this is nicely summarized here.
当人们研究刻板印象时,他们通常会区分,三个层次的刻板印象,这里已经清楚地总结起来了。
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which totally goes against the stereotype of like "New Yorkers are mean, they are all like rude and everything."
和那种“纽约人很刻薄，都很没礼貌。”的刻板印象截然不同，
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Their answers are often correct and often possessing stereotypes lets us make reasonable and correct generalizations about the world.
他们的答案通常是正确的,通常刻板印象能让我们合理地,正确地归纳世界。
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It's Dickens in part, that stereotype of old London, of the urban working class, but it's not just Dickens. Moby Dick is here too.
其中有狄更斯出现，有对于伦敦及当地工人阶级的,刻板印象，不仅仅是狄更斯的影子，还有《白鲸记》
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This is a false stereotype.
这是一种错误的刻板印象。
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Marxist analysis has given us this all too rigid picture of the nobility sort of letting their nails grow long, "They are nobles because they do nothing."
马克思主义分析家给出这样的刻板形象,贵族整日游荡,无所事事,"他们是贵族所以他们什么都不做"
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The Mycenaean kings we know, thanks to the Linear B tablets, were referred to, the singular once again is Wanax, and the plural is Wanaktes.
迈锡尼王正如我们,从B类线形刻板所知的,在古希腊语中被称为瓦纳克斯,复数是Wanaktes
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Here is another one. This is also public stereotypes of blacks, proportion of white respondents endorsing each trait.
这一个也是对于黑人的公众刻板印象，认为黑人具有这样特征的白人的比例。
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Now, it gets complicated because there are some cases where we do allow stereotypes to play a role.
但实际情况没有这么简单,因为有时候我们确实允许,把刻板印象应用到生活中。
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The fact that white Americans favor white Americans over black Americans might be because of stereotypes but they also might be of in-group favoritism.
白人喜欢,白人，而不是黑人,可能是因为刻板印象,也可能是由于组内偏爱的心理。
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I think the answer is that both play a role but some of the effects are due to stereotypes above and beyond in-group favoritism.
我想两者都有,但刻板印象的影响,要高于组内偏爱。
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It does show that people possess these stereotypes that make a difference in their real-world behavior.
但它表明人们的这些刻板印象,会影响他们在现实生活中的行为。
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To have a stereotype is to be-- is to have something wrong with you.
说你有刻板印象-,就是说你有问题。
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You have no explicit racist attitudes, honestly you really don't, but the argument is that these stereotypes can affect your behavior in all sorts of subtle ways.
你没有表达过任何种族主义态度，说实话，你真的没有，但我们认为这些刻板印象,能通过各种不显著的途径来影响你的行为。
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That's the sort of good news about stereotypes but there's also bad news.
这是刻板印象的积极作用,但它也有消极作用。
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It's an acceptable stereotype to make a generalization from.
人们可以接受用这个刻板印象来以一概全。
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And to the extent these portray an unrealistic or unfair or biased perception of the world we could construct stereotypes that are faithful to the data we're getting but the data is not representative.
因为媒体,没有真实，公平，不偏不倚地反映世界,我们的刻板印象,就会根据这些信息来形成,但这些信息并不能以一概全。
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Those are your public presentations of stereotypes.
你们就是这样在公众在表达你们的刻板印象的。
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The term for this would be "profiling."
形容这种做法的术语就是”刻板剖析“
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And the issue is called "stereotype threat."
这个问题被称为“刻板印象威胁”
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And so they're pretty often accurate.
而且通常这种刻板印象是正确的。
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I think this is perfectly fair because young people like you get into a lot more accidents with your reefer and your alcohol and so it is-- now, some of you are saying "that's a stereotype."
我觉得这样很公平,因为像你们这样的年轻人经常出车祸,因为你们又吸大麻又喝酒,所以…,有些人会说“这是刻板印象”
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So, studies with police officers using reaction time in split-second choices on who to shoot find that your stereotypical attitudes play a huge role in who you're likely to shoot when they're holding an object in their hand that's unclear.
一些针对警察的研究,用霎间的反应时间让他们作出选择,应该向谁开枪，研究发现这些刻板态度,能极大的影响你选择向谁开枪,当他们手里拿着不明物体时。
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It turns out in the world of classical music there's a stereotype of women being simply less proficient than men: they play smaller than men, they don't have the same force and they have smaller techniques, they're more temperamental and so on.
在古典音乐界,有一个刻板印象,女人的造诣就是不如男人：,她们演奏得不如男人宏大，她们力量不如男人，她们技巧不如男人，她们喜怒无常等等。
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And it is a stereotype but it's a statistically robust one and nobody lines up to protest this.
这确实是刻板印象，但这是有数据支持的,而且没有人会排队去抗议它。
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This could be a vegetarian dog, a poison apple, an explosive chair, but they're typically true.
这可能是吃素的狗，有毒的苹果，会爆炸的椅子，但这种刻板印象通常都是对的。
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They have their stereotypes that guide their answers, and the answers are not arbitrary or random.
他们的答案受到刻板印象的影响，但这些答案都不是主观臆断或随便乱答的。
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More importantly, we collect stereotypes about groups of people through much the same way we collect stereotypes about categories like chairs and apples and dogs.
更重要的是，我们形成对群体的刻板印象,和我们形成对类别的刻板印象,如椅子，苹果和狗，两者几乎一样。
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Now, this is not essentially a bad thing for a couple of reasons.
这些刻板印象并不都是坏事,这当中有几个原因。
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